【摘要】 水痘主要是通过呼吸道传播的急性传染病，是学校和托幼机构突发共卫生事件中的主要病因之一。水痘给个人和社会带来了严重的疾病负担，且我国水痘比已经纳入国家免疫规划（National Immunization Program,NIP）的其他疾病造成的经济负担高。预防水痘最经济有效的措施是接种水痘疫苗（varicella vaccine,VarV）。尽管目前水痘免疫策略在不同地区存在差异，但相比于不接种VarV，儿童和青少年的常规免疫接种符合经济学原则。我国VarV尚未纳入NIP，本研究拟综述水痘的流行病学特征、水痘对个人和社会造成的经济负担、VarV的接种程序以及不同免疫策略的经济效益及其影响因素，为制定科学的防控策略提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Varicella, an acute infectious disease primarily transmitted through the respiratory tract, stands as a significant cause of public health emergencies in schools and childcare facilities. The burden of varicella on individuals and society is substantial, surpassing the economic impact of other diseases included in the National Immunization Program(NIP) in China. The administration of the varicella vaccine(VarV) is the most costeffective countermeasure. Although regional discrepancies exist in immunization strategies, routine immunization of children and adolescents with VarV is economically justified compared to non-vaccination. Given the exclusion of VarV from China’s NIP, this paper provides an extensive review of varicella’s epidemiological characteristics, its economic impact on individuals and society, VarV immunization procedures, and the costeffectiveness and determinants of various vaccination strategies. This review aims to provide a foundational reference for the development of evidence-based prevention and control strategies.更多还原