【摘要】 目的 探讨高校女性日常能耗及肠道菌群结构特征，分析不同能耗指标与特征肠道菌群之间的相关性。方法 基于智能可穿戴设备人体运动能耗检测仪对广州两所大学的青年女性（Y组，n=30）、中年女性（M组，n=30）进行48 h能耗监测，统计分析日常能耗的组间差异。采集调查对象清晨粪便进行16S rRNA基因测序，运用多元统计学分析中青年女性肠道菌群结构特征。将目、属水平的特征菌群与能耗指标进行相关性检验及回归分析。结果Y组人群的日均步数（t=4.250, P<0.001）、每日能耗值（t=3.590,P<0.001）、日均中高强度活动时长（t=4.357,P<0.001）均显著高于M组；两组人群肠道菌群的目、属水平的丰度差异菌群主要为乳杆菌目（Lactobacillales）(t=2.537, P=0.014)、小杆菌属（Dialister）(t=2.904,P=0.005)、布劳特菌属（Blautia）(t=3.246,P=0.002)，其中Lactobacillales和Dialister与多项能耗指标呈正相关，Blautia与多项能耗指标呈负相关。结论 日均步数、每日能耗值、日均中高强度活动时长的能耗指标可用于预测更好的身体机能；一定条件下，增加低、中、高强度活动时长可能提高Lactobacillales和Dialister的丰度，进而延缓身体机能下降。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To observe the characteristics of energy expenditure and gut microbiota of young and middle-aged women in colleges, and analyze the correlation between different energy consumption indicators and potential biomarkers.Methods Energy consumption monitoring was conducted among young college women(Y group, n=30) and middleaged women(M group, n=30) who wore physical activity energy consumption detectors for 48 hours. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the differences in daily energy expenditure among different groups. The gut microbiota was subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers. Correlation tests and regression analysis were carried out at order and genus levels between potential biomarkers and energy consumption indicators. Results Statistically significant differences were observed in body consumption(step counts/d, kcals/d, MVPA time/d) between Y group and M group. At the order and genus levels, there were abundance differences mainly in Lactobacillales(t=2.537, P=0.014), Dialister(t=2.904, P=0.005), and Blautia(t=3.246, P=0.002). Additionally, Lactobacillales and Dialister showed positive correlations with energy consumption indicators, while Blautia showed a negative correlation.Conclusion Energy consumption metrics such as step counts/d, kcals/d, and MVPA time/d are associated with better physical functioning. Under specific circumstances, increasing the duration of ligh-, moderate-and vigorous-intensity activity time may enhance the abundance of Lactobacillales and Dialister, thereby retarding the decline of body functions.更多还原