【摘要】 积分制作为乡村治理的一项创新，能有效激发农民参与公共事务的内生动力。为了解析积分制破解乡村集体行动困境并助推人居环境改善的过程，对B村人居环境积分制实践进行历时性考察。结果表明，积分制的效用发挥离不开引入条件和破解机制的双元驱动：在引入条件上，党建引领、示范效应和能人带动，为积分制嵌入乡村旧有场域提供了适宜的制度情境；针对推行过程中出现的指标设置不科学、积分评判欠公正、可信承诺难践行、相互监督缺效果等困境，有针对性构建协商统筹机制、策略动员机制、赋权增能机制和绩效激励机制，最终激发了积分制活力，助推乡村人居环境治理。在此基础上，形成“引入条件+破解机制”解释框架，以解析积分制破解乡村集体行动困境并助推人居环境改善的作用机理，为调动农民参与村级事务的积极性与提升其治理能力、助推乡村善治提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze the process of point-based system to solve the dilemma of collective action in rural areas and promote the improvement of human settlements, the practice of the point-based system for human settlements in village B is investigated diachronically. The following conclusions are drawn. The point-based system can not be separated from the dual drive of “conditions for introduction +cracking mechanisms” to embed in the governance of rural human settlements. In terms of conditions for introduction, the Party building guidance, demonstration effect and capable leadership can provide an institutional context for the point-based system to introduce into the rural areas. However, indicator setting, integral evaluation, credible commitment and mutual supervision have faced difficulties in the process of implementation. The key to the effectiveness of the point-based system lies in the cracking mechanisms, including consultation and overall planning mechanisms, a strategy mobilization mechanism, an empowerment mechanism and a performance incentive mechanism, which can promote the governance of rural human settlements. On this basis, an explanation framework of “conditions for introduction-cracking mechanisms”is formed to explain the process of point-based system to solve the dilemma of collective action in rural areas and promote the improvement of human settlements. This provides a reference for mobilizing villagers’ enthusiasm to participate in village affairs, improving their governance abilities and boosting good governance in rural areas.更多还原