【摘要】 关于成煤环境，多数学者认为发育于暖湿气候。但现代沉积却得出了不同的认识，认为寒冷气候更有利于固碳，这个矛盾的解决具有重要的科学意义。基于现代沉积理论，研究了泥炭、湿地、土壤有机质的分布特征，结合各地质年代煤的分布，分析了煤的发育与气候、纬度的关系。结果显示，煤、蒸发盐岩、红层和铝土矿作为气候敏感沉积物，可分别代表高纬度的冷湿气候、中纬度的干热气候和低纬度热带雨林气候，可指示不同古环境或古纬度。提出煤的发育和是否缺氧没有联系，红层及铝土矿的发育不是因为富氧；寒温带的纬向滑移控制了煤的分布；用气候敏感沉积物建立了黑白红气候旋回，并限定了聚煤环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regarding the coal-forming environment, most scholars believe that it develops in a warm and humid climate. However,modern sedimentary studies have yielded different insights, suggesting that a cold climate is more conducive to carbon sequestration.Resolving this contradiction holds significant scientific importance. Based on the characteristics of modern sedimentatry theory, this paper investigates the distribution patterns of peat, wetlands, and soil organic matter. By combining the distribution of coal across various geological eras, the relationship between coal development and climate as well as latitude is explored. The results indicate that coal, evaporite rocks, red beds, and bauxite, as climate-sensitive sediments, can respectively represent the cold temperate zone at high latitudes, the dry and hot climate at mid-latitudes, and the tropical rainforest climate at low latitudes, indicating different paleoenvironments or paleolatitudes. It is proposed that the development of coal is not related to oxygen deficiency, and the development of red beds and bauxite is not due to oxygen enrichment. The latitudinal shift of the cold temperate zone controls the distribution of coal. Using climate-sensitive sediments, a black-white-red climate cycle is established, and the coal-accumulating environment is defined.更多还原