【摘要】 基于连续分箱均匀混合水质模型,建立了浅水湖泊分区水环境容量计算方法,结合确定性和不确定性对计算结果进行了分析.利用多年气象水文数据,对巢湖进行了多年分区水环境容量计算和各区结果相容性修正.基于水环境容量与入湖污染物通量、水质目标与湖区水质协调性,通过统计各水环境容量序列取值范围和平均值得到巢湖不同水情和水质目标的分区水环境容量.结果表明:巢湖总氮、总磷、氨氮和高锰酸盐指数年均综合降解系数分别为2.99,1.94,10.86,0.36a^-1;不同水情和水质目标下巢湖水环境容量存在显著差异,不同水情年随着湖泊水量的减少,水环境容量会减小,而水质目标定得越严,相应水环境容量会变小;本文方法可较好地确定浅水湖泊不同水情不同水质目标的年水环境容量,能快捷有效地为湖泊污染物总量控制提供依据.更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the continuous-binning uniform mixed water quality model, an approach for computing water environmental capacity for different functional regions of shallow lakes was established. The certainty and uncertainty of results were analyzed by statistical methods. Meteorological and hydrological data over multiple years was used to calculate water environmental capacity for each region of Lake Chaohu, and compatibility correction was made to the result of each area. More accurate results under different hydrological conditions and water quality targets of Lake Chaohu were obtained by calculating the value range and average value of water environmental capacity series, and analyzing the consistency among water environmental capacity, pollutant flux into the lake,the water quality target and water quality. The results suggest that the annual degradation coefficients of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index of Chaohu Lake were 2.99, 1.94, 10.86, 0.36a^-1, respectively. The water environmental capacity of the lake varies significantly under different hydrological conditions and water quality targets. The water environmental capacity exhibits decreasing trend with the decrease of water storage and stricter water quality targets. The approach proposed in this study shows high efficiency in calculating annual water environmental capacity under different hydrological conditions and water quality targets for shallow lakes, and can be used for providing guidelines for pollutants control in lakes.更多还原