【摘要】 以“大学生创新创业训练计划”和学科竞赛为代表的科技创新活动是工科大学生重要的专业实践学习活动，采用定量研究方法探究其对学生工程能力发展的影响发现：参与科技创新活动能显著促进学生工程能力发展，并表现出工程设计等“硬能力”和沟通交流、职业伦理等“软能力”的双重促进效应；任务挑战度、自主探究度、教师互动频率、学长互动频率与同伴互动频率是科技创新活动育人效能的重要影响因素，其中以自主探究度与同伴互动频率最为重要，前者指向“硬能力”发展，后者是“软能力”发展的关键。更多还原

【Abstract】 The scientific and technological innovation activities represented by the “College Students’ Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program” and subject competitions are important practical learning activities for engineering students. Exploring their impacts on the development of students’ engineering capabilities,it is found that participation in science and technology innovation activities can significantly promote the development of students’ engineering capabilities, and exhibit a dual promotion effect of “hard abilities” such as engineering design and “soft abilities” such as communication and professional ethics. Task challenge, selfdirected exploration, faculty interaction frequency, senior interaction frequency, and peer interaction frequency play a role in promoting the development of students’ engineering capabilities. Among them, self-directed exploration and peer interaction frequency are the most important, with the former pointing to the development of “hard abilities” and the latter being the key to the development of “soft abilities”.更多还原