【摘要】 目的：探究直肠癌患者临时性回肠造口术后的心理弹性及其影响因素的纵向变化特点。方法：采取纵向的质性研究方法，对某医院收治的13例临时性回肠造口术后的直肠癌患者进行半结构化的深入访谈，利用NVivo 11.0软件以及Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行整理与分析。结果：共发现4种不同的心理弹性变化方式，即“持续存在”“先消失后出现”“先出现后消失”“持续消失”。从心理弹性影响因素的纵向变化中提炼出4大主题，即“外界支持的稳定与减退”“认知的双向强化与转化”“保护性能力的形成与流失”“自尊的剥夺与重建”。结论：在接受临时性回肠造口术后，直肠癌患者的心理弹性及其影响因素会随时间发生变化，持续稳定的社会支持、不断强化的正向认知、保护性能力的维护和自尊的建立均有助于心理弹性的产生与维持。更多还原

【Abstract】 OBJECTIVE To investigate the longitudinal changes of resilience and its influencing factors in patients with rectal cancer after temporary ileostomy. METHODS A longitudinal qualitative study was conducted to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with 13 patients with rectal cancer after temporary ileostomy. Nvivo 11.0 software and Colaizzi 7-step analysis were used to collate and analyze the interview data. RESULTS Four different modes of resilience were found,namely “continuous existence”“first disappearing and then appearing”“first appearing and then disappearing”and“continuous disappearing”. Four themes were extracted from the longitudinal changes of influencing factors of resilience, namely,“stability and decline of external support”“two-way strengthening and transformation of cognition”“formation and loss of protective ability”and “deprivation and reconstruction of self-esteem”. CONCLUSION After temporary ileostomy,the resilience of rectal cancer patients and its influencing factors will change with time. Continuous and stable social support,strengthening positive cognition,maintaining protective ability and rebuilding self-esteem all contribute to the production and maintenance of resilience.更多还原