【摘要】 本文介绍了时间依赖性弥散磁共振成像（TDDMRI）的概念和基本物理原理，并重点讨论了短扩散时域和长扩散时域的测量策略和建模方法。TDDMRI作为一种揭示组织微结构的强大工具得到了越来越多的认可。硬件、序列设计以及各种数学模型和计算方法的发展极大地促进了该技术在不同领域的应用。从基础研究到早期疾病诊断应用，TDDMRI都显示出了巨大潜力。为了克服该技术仍面临的一些挑战，我们应推动更高效的扫描和数据处理技术，开发更精确的模型以更好地描述和量化分子扩散的时间依赖性行为，并努力开发更多的临床应用场景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Increasingly, attention is being directed towards time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging(TDDMRI), a method that reveals time-related changes in the diffusional behavior of water molecules in biological tissues, thereby enabling us to probe related microstructure events. With ongoing improvements in hardware and advanced pulse sequences, significant progress has been made in applying TDDMRI to clinical research. The development of accurate mathematical models and computational methods has bolstered theoretical support for TDDMRI and elevated our understanding of molecular diffusion. In this review, we introduce the concept and basic physics of TDDMRI, and then focus on the measurement strategies and modeling approaches in short-and long-diffusion-time domains. Finally, we discuss the challenges in this field, including the requirement for efficient scanning and data processing technologies, the development of more precise models depicting time-dependent molecular diffusion, and critical clinical applications.更多还原