【摘要】 为了给三裂叶豚草的科学管理和保护本土植物多样性提供理论依据，于2023年在贵州省贵阳市花溪区进行了三裂叶豚草入侵情况的调查，并分析了其对本土植物群落结构和物种多样性的影响。采用9点取样法，设置入侵(试验样方)和未入侵(对照样方)2个区域，详细记录了这2个区域的植物种类、株数、高度以及盖度等数据，通过计算不同植物的重要值以及Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数和Pielou均匀度指数等物种多样性指标，对比分析了对照群落与入侵群落在上述4个物种多样性指标上的差异，并深入探讨了群落物种组成、重要值等关键指标的变化情况。结果显示，路旁三裂叶豚草多沿路带状分布，而在入侵荒地则连片发生，不同入侵生境中三裂叶豚草优势度及对本土物种多样性的影响无显著差异；调查对照样地共记录植物44种，隶属于20科41属，入侵样地共记录植物27种，隶属于12科25属；入侵群落的Patrick丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、Pielou均匀度指数均显著或极显著低于对照群落；三裂叶豚草入侵后导致本土植物群落物种丰富度及多样性显著下降。表明三裂叶豚入侵显著削弱了本土物种多样性并导致本土植物群落结构遭受破坏。该调查结果可为进一步研究三裂叶豚草的入侵机制、安全性评估及科学防除等提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Purpose of the survey was to provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of Ambrosia trifida L.and the preservation of native plant diversity.In 2023,an investigation was conducted in Huaxi District,Guiyang City,Guizhou Province to assess the invasion status of A.trifida and analyze its impact on communities structure and species diversity of native plant.9-Point sampling method was employed to establish two areas:invaded(experimental plots)and non-invaded(control plots).Detailed data on plant species,number of individuals,height,and coverage were recorded for both areas.By calculating importance values of different plants and species diversity indices,including Patrick’s Richness Index,Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index,Simpson’s Dominance Index,and Pielou’s Evenness Index,a comparative analysis was conducted to examine the differences in these indices between the control and invaded communities-Additionally,changes in key indicators such as community species composition and importance value were thoroughly discussed.The results showed that A.trifida along roadsides was predominantly distributed in a linear pattern,while in invaded wastelands,it occurred in contiguous patches.There was no significant difference in the dominance of A.trifida and its impact on native species diversity across different invaded habitats.The control plots recorded a total of 44 plant species,belonging to 20 families and 41 genera,whereas the invaded plots had 27 plant species,belonging to 12 families and 25 genera.The Patrick’s Richness Index,Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index,Simpson’s Dominance Index,and Pielou’s Evenness Index of the invaded community were all significantly lower than those of the control community,indicating a significant decline in species richness and diversity of the native plant community following the invasion of A.trifida.This suggests that invasion of A.trifida notably weakened native species diversity and disrupted the structure of the native plant community.These findings could provide theoretical basis for further research on the invasion mechanism,safety assessment,and scientific control of A.trifida.更多还原