【摘要】 急性髓系白血病(AML)是一种起源于造血系统髓系原始细胞的克隆性和侵袭性血液系统恶性肿瘤，在白血病发病率中的排名最高，占比为58.7%，其中复发难治性AML预后极差，5年生存率约10%，严重危害患者生命健康。免疫疗法被认为是临床上治疗AML的有效手段之一，但在治疗过程中发生的免疫逃逸会影响治疗效果。因此，解决免疫逃逸是提高临床疗效的必要手段。髓源性抑制细胞(MDSCs)是参与调控免疫逃逸的重要一环，它能够通过介导AML细胞产生免疫逃逸而削弱抗肿瘤治疗的效果。这一过程主要受到肿瘤细胞分泌的细胞因子、炎性介质、细胞外囊泡等的影响，促进MDSCs的生成和免疫抑制。本文就MDSCs在AML中的活化机制、免疫调节机制及以其为靶点的免疫治疗方面进行综述。更多还原

【Abstract】 Acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is a clonal and invasive haematological malignancy originating from primitive myeloid cells of the haematopoietic system.Its incidence is the highest in leukemia, accounting for 58.7%of all cases.The prognosis of relapsed and refractory AML is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 10%.Immunotherapy is considered an effective method for the clinical treatment of AML; however, immune escape during treatment affects the therapeutic effect.Therefore, solving this immune escape problem is necessary to improve clinical efficacy.Myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSCs) play an important role in the regulation of immune escape, which can damage anti-tumor therapy by mediating the immune escape of AML cells.This article reviews the activation mechanism and immune regulation mechanism of MDSCs, and the MDSC-targeting immunotherapy in AML.更多还原