【摘要】 元白话中常用于句末的“有”字多见于两式：“N+有”表“存在于N”或“领有N”;“V(+助词)+有(+助词)”表示V的各类时体信息。两式中的“有”都对译中古蒙古语动词/助动词a-、bü-。在明初反映双语者口语的《正统临戎录》中，“N+有”式出现了表示时间的用法，是表示处所的“N+有”式在双语者口语中发生的扩展；“V+有”式出现了表将来、祈使的用法，是早期“V+有”式先在口语和书面语中发生分化，口语中专表现在的“V+有”同中古蒙古语中的现在-将来时词尾产生对应关系，进而移植了其将来、祈使用法。这一个案说明：1)关涉不同制作者、使用者的语言接触文献，既有区别又有联系，有必要分类调查；2)多义功能性语素的不同句法功能之间也可能发生移植，移植不但存在于间接接触中，还存在于直接接触中。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Yuan baihua(a.k.a. the vernacular Chinese in Yuan Dynasty), the character 有(yǒu)commonly used at the end of a sentence appears in two constructions: “N+有”, which indicates “exists in N” or “possesses N”, and “V(+particle)+有(+particle)”, which conveys various aspectual information of V. In the bilingual speakers’ spoken text Zhèngtǒng Línróng Lù(正统临戎录), composed in early Ming, the usage of “N+有” to express time began to emerge marking an extension of the locational “N+有” construction in bilingual speech. The previous “V+有” construction attained new functions to indicate future tense and imperative mood, suggesting a divergence between spoken and written language, where the spoken “V+有” specifically indicates “present, ” aligning with the present-future tense suffixes in Middle Mongolian, the former subsequently adopted the future and imperative usages of the suffixes. This case illustrates two points: first, language contact documents involving different producers and users exhibit both distinctions and connections, warranting a categorized investigation; second, the different syntactic functions of polysemous functional morphemes may also undergo semantic/functional transfer, occurring not only in indirect contact but also in direct contact.更多还原