【摘要】 钠/钾离子电池因其丰富的资源储量被认为是后锂离子电池时代大规模储能应用中最有希望的选择。在众多的钠/钾离子电池负极材料中，锑（Antimony, Sb）基负极由于其高理论比容量受到关注。然而，Sb基材料在储能过程中存在的棘手问题阻碍了它的实际应用，比如：巨大的体积膨胀导致材料粉化脱离集流体，电池失效；欠佳的导电性，电化学动力缓慢；电极-电解液界面副反应，电池性能差等。为解决这些问题，研究者们从结构设计、掺杂催化改性和电解液界面调控等方面进行了探究，期望将Sb基材料高容量的优势发挥出来。因此，本文总结了近10年“钠/钾离子电池用Sb基负极”研究方面的亮点工作，详细讨论Sb基材料的失效机理，并系统地综述了相应的解决方案，为高性能Sb基及其他合金类负极材料的优化策略提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sodium/potassium-ion batteries are considered the most promising choice for large-scale energy storage applications in the post-lithium-ion battery era due to their abundant resource reserves. Among the numerous anode materials for sodium/potassium ion batteries, Sb-based anodes have attracted attention due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, Sb-based materials have thorny problems in the energy storage process that hinder their practical application, such as, huge volume expansion causing the material to pulverize and separate from the current collector, causing battery failure; poor conductivity and slow electrochemical power; electrode-side reactions at the electrolyte interface, poor battery performance, etc. In order to solve these problems, researchers have explored aspects such as structural design, doping catalytic modification, and electrolyte interface control, hoping to take advantage of the high capacity of Sb-based materials. Therefore, this article summarizes the highlights of the research on “Sb-based anodes for sodium/potassium ion batteries” in the past ten years, discusses the failure mechanism of Sb-based materials in detail. And the corresponding solutions are systematically reviewed to provide a reference for the optimization strategy of high-performance Sb-based and other alloy-based anode materials.更多还原