【摘要】 子痫前期（PE）与胎儿生长受限（FGR）是严重的妊娠并发症，其胎盘病理结构的形成始于妊娠早期，较临床诊断时间提前数月。微小RNA520a-5p(miR-520a-5p)在胎盘滋养细胞中特异性表达，其异常表达与PE和FGR密切相关。胎盘滋养细胞分泌的外泌体中可以分离出miR-520a-5p,PE与FGR患者妊娠早期血清胎盘外泌体中的miR-520a-5p表达与正常妊娠孕妇有显著差异，且与孕晚期终止妊娠后的胎盘组织中miR-520a-5p的表达相一致，对于在妊娠早期预测随后发生的PE和FGR具有较高的准确性。因此，妊娠早期血清胎盘外泌体中的miR-520a-5p有望成为PE和FGR新的生物预测标志物。本文就miR-520a-5p在PE与FGR中的研究进行综述，以期为临床诊断提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Preeclampsia(PE) and fetal growth restriction(FGR) are serious pregnancy complications in which the formation of placental pathological structures begins in the early stage of pregnancy, and several months earlier than the clinical diagnosis time. microRNA 520a-5p(miR-520a-5p) is specifically expressed in placental trophoblast cells, and its abnormal expression is closely related to PE and FGR. MiR-520a-5p can be isolated from exosomes secreted by placental trophoblast cells. The expression of miR-520a-5p in serum placental exosomes of PE and FGR patients in early pregnancy is significantly different from that of normal pregnancy, and is consistent with the expression of miR-520a-5p in placental tissues after termination of pregnancy in late pregnancy. It has high accuracy for predicting subsequent PE and FGR in early pregnancy. Therefore, miR-520a-5p in serum placental exosomes in early pregnancy is expected to be a new biomarker for PE and FGR. This article reviews the research of miR-520a-5p in PE and FGR, in order to provide reference for clinical diagnosis.更多还原