【摘要】 应急管理是国家治理体系和治理能力的重要组成部分，我国高度重视应急管理体系和能力建设，不断完善体制机制，促进能力提升，建设重点也从科技信息等硬实力领域逐步覆盖到价值观念、社会制度等软实力中。应急文化作为一种软实力，融入在各领域、多层次、全过程中，对群体中人们的应急行为起着持续的影响甚至决定作用。近年来，非典型性肺炎、禽流感、新型冠状病毒肺炎等突发公共卫生事件呈现出严重性、隐蔽性、不可预见性等特点，对社会稳定、经济发展和群众身心健康造成巨大冲击。对突发公共卫生事件应急处置的经验表明，当前应急管理对个人意识提升、社会共同治理、政府能力建设以及国际合作交流提出了更高的要求。面对如此复杂多变的形势，应急文化建设必不可少。本文立足大应急时代背景，总结突发公共卫生事件的应急处置经验，从全周期管理的视角切入，分析了应急文化的内涵特征，揭示了我国仍存在人民群众应急意识薄弱、应急教育缺失、依赖组织集体以及大环境中应急管理流程不完善的现象。结合既往研究和应急工作的实际情况，提出了创新宣传模式、加强应急教育、完善体制机制和加强国际合作的建议，为做好新时代应急文化建设工作提供思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Emergency management constitutes a vital component of a nation’s governance system and capacity.China has placed considerable emphasis on enhancing its emergency management system and capabilities, continuously refining institutional frameworks and fostering capacity enhancement, thus handling emergencies with increasing proficiency.The focus of development has gradually shifted from hard power domains, such as science, technology, and information, to encompass soft power aspects like values and social systems.Emergency culture, a manifestation of soft power, permeates various fields, operates at multiple levels, and influences the entire process, playing a pivotal role in shaping individuals’ emergency behaviors.In recent years, public health emergencies such as SARS,avian influenza and novel coronavirus pneumonia have shown the characteristics of severity, concealment and unpredictability, which have had a huge impact on social stability, economic development and the physical and mental health of the masses. The experience of emergency response to sudden public health emergencies shows that current emergency management requires higher requirements for individual awareness enhancement, social governance, government capacity building, and international cooperation and exchange. Faced with such a complex and ever-changing situation, the construction of emergency culture is essential. This article is based on the background of the era of major emergencies and summarizes the emergency response experience of sudden public health incidents, we propose recommendations to innovate publicity methods, strengthen emergency education, refine systemic mechanisms, and enhance international cooperation, thereby providing insights for the cultivation of emergency culture in the new era.更多还原