【摘要】 利用相变热沉有望解决高速飞行器大热耗电子设备的热控难题。为强化相变热沉温控性能，基于固体各向同性罚函数的变密度拓扑优化方法对相变热沉进行传热拓扑优化设计。而飞行器在机动飞行过程中常处于超重状态，其可能会影响相变热沉的性能。因此，对拓扑优化的导热式优化热沉（Ⅰ）和自然对流式优化热沉（Ⅱ）在超重（1g～7g）下的温控性能进行了数值研究。研究结果表明：热沉Ⅱ吸热速度和温控性能优于热沉Ⅰ，PCM总融化时长缩短11 s；以60℃为目标，在1g、3g、5g、和7g下，热沉Ⅱ的温控时长比热沉Ⅰ分别延长了19.75%、17.44%、4.01%和1.62%；超重会强化PCM间的自然对流，显著提升热沉温控性能，但其强化效应随超重的增强而减弱；超重对热沉Ⅰ的强化作用大于热沉Ⅱ，且会缩短热沉间性能差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 The phase change material(PCM) based heat sink are expected to solve the difficult problem of thermal control for power-intensity electronic devices of high-speed aircraft. In order to enhance the temperature control performance of PCM-based heat sink, topological optimization design of heat transfer topology based on the SIMP topology optimization method of solid isotropic penalty function is conducted. However, high-speed aircraft are often under hypergravity during maneuvering flight, which may affect the thermal performance of PCM-based heat sink. Therefore, the temperature control performance of PCM-based heat sink with diffusion （Ⅰ） and natural convection （Ⅱ） optimized fins under hypergravity(1～7g) are investigated. The results show that heat sink Ⅱ performs better than heat sink Ⅰ, shortening the total melting time of PCM by 11 s, and with 60 ℃ as the goal, the temperature control time of it is extended by up to 19. 75%, 17. 44%, 4. 01% and 1. 62% than heat sink Ⅰ at 1g, 3g, 5g and 7g. The natural convection of PCM driven by hypergravity significantly improve the heat transfer, but the enhancement effect gradually decreases with increasing values of hypergravity. Hypergravity strengthens heat sink Ⅰ more than heat sink Ⅱ and narrows the thermal performance difference between heat sink.更多还原