【摘要】 目的 了解绵阳市农村地区居民对毒蘑菇中毒认知情况，分析其影响因素，为后续有针对性开展食源性疾病防控干预提供参考。方法 采用多阶段抽样方法，于2023年8至11月在绵阳市9个区县抽取常住居民进行野生菌食用情况、毒蘑菇辨识和毒性知识认知、毒蘑菇宣教认知等内容的问卷调查，利用SPSS 20.0软件对数据进行统计学分析，用χ~2检验比较组间率或构成比的差异，检验水准α=0.05；在总体差异有统计学意义的基础上，采用Bonferroni法进行两两比较，校正后检验水准为α′=0.008 3；利用Cochran-Armitage法分析有序多分类变量的结局趋势性，多因素分析用二分类Logistic回归模型。结果 共计调查1 350名居民，合格问卷1 335份，调查对象对毒蘑菇辨识知识回答平均正确率为33.42%，毒蘑菇辨识和毒性知识9题中回答正确6题及以上的高分组占5.24%。不同年龄、不同文化程度居民对宣教需求率差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.001）；不同年龄、不同文化程度居民对毒蘑菇辨识和毒性知识认知差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.001）。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄增加是农村地区居民对毒蘑菇中毒健康教育需求降低的促进因素，相比于小学以下文化程度，小学及初中、大中专及以上文化程度是农村地区居民对毒蘑菇中毒健康教育需求增加的促进因素，是毒蘑菇辨识和毒性知识认知知晓率的独立影响因素。结论 绵阳市农村地区居民对毒蘑菇辨识知识回答总正确率不高，得分纳入高分组占比较低，针对性开展毒蘑菇中毒认知宣教的措施和策略有待进一步优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the cognition of wild mushroom poisoning in rural area of Mianyang City,to analyze its influencing factors,and to provide reference for targeted food-borne disease prevention and control interventions in the future. Methods A multi-stage sampling method were used,permanent residents were selected from 9 districts and counties in Mianyang City from August to November 2023 as the research subjects. Through a questionnaire survey,statistical analysis was conducted on the data of the consumption of wild mushrooms,the identification and knowledge of toxic mushrooms,and the awareness of toxic mushroom education by using SPSS 20.0 software.The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences in rates or constituent ratios between the groups,and the test level was α=0.05. On the basis of statistically significant overall differences,the Bonferroni method was used for pairwise comparisons,and the adjusted test level was α′=0.008 3.The Cochran-Armitage method was used to analyze the trend of the outcomes of ordered multi-classification variables,and the binary Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results A total of 1 350 residents were surveyed, with 1 335 qualified questionnaires. The average correct rate of respondents’ answers to poisonous mushroom identification knowledge was 33.42%,and the high-risk group with ≥6 correct answers out of 9 questions on poisonous mushroom identification and toxicity knowledge accounted for 5.24%. There were statistically significant differences in the demand for education among residents of different ages and different educational levels(all P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the recognition of poisonous mushroom identification and toxicity knowledge among residents of different ages and different educational levels(all P<0.001). The results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age was a contributing factor to the decrease in the demand for health education on poisonous mushroom poisoning among residents in rural areas. Compared with those with an education level below primary school, those with an education level of primary school and junior high school,or college or above were contributing factors to the increase in the demand for health education on poisonous mushroom poisoning among residents in rural areas, and they were independent factors affecting the recognition and awareness of poisonous mushrooms and toxicity knowledge. Conclusions The overall accuracy rate of residents in rural areas of Mianyang City in identifying poisonous mushrooms is not high, and the proportion of high scoring groups is relatively low. Targeted measures and strategies for promoting awareness of wild mushroom poisoning need to be further optimized.更多还原