【摘要】 工业火车的无人驾驶、行车调度智能化是传统制造业转型升级的关键环节，但目前缺乏对抗高温、粉尘、金属环绕等恶劣环境及低维护成本的精准对位技术。声表面波射频识别技术具有无线无源、耐高温及抗恶劣环境的特点。提出了基于双天线时延差分的绝对位置测量方法，与单天线测距定位相比，抵消了环境温度的影响，提高了精度和可靠性。针对雷达发射的线性调频查询信号，研究了基于分数阶傅里叶变换处理回波信号提取时延。仿真和实验结果表明，与传统匹配滤波方法相比，该方法降低了时延测量误差，精度可达0.35 ns。搭建模拟平台进行动态对位实验，位置测量精度可达6.2 cm,在更靠近对位点的区间内可达3.48 cm。精准对位系统在某钢铁厂已得到了初步应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The unmanned driving of industrial trains are key links in the upgrading of traditional industries. However, the industry lacks positioning technology that fulfills the requirements of high reliability, high precision, and low maintenance in the face of harsh environments, such as high temperature, dust, and metal interference. SAW RFID technology has the characteristics of wireless passivity, high-temperature resistance, and resistance to harsh environments. This paper proposes a positioning method based on dual-antenna time-delay difference. Compared with single antenna ranging positioning, the proposed positioning method offsets the influence of environmental temperature and improves positioning accuracy and reliability. A time-delay measurement method based on fractional Fourier transform was studied. Simulation and experimental results show that the delay measurement error can be reduced to one-third of that of the matched filtering method, with an accuracy of 0.35 ns. The experiment based on the built platform showed a positioning accuracy of 6.2 cm, and the error was reduced to 3.48 cm in a shorter interval. Finally, the system was preliminarily applied in a steel plant.更多还原