【摘要】 为改善烟梗品质，基于传统洗梗工艺条件，采用超声水洗工艺洗梗，并分析了不同水洗条件（水洗方式、水洗时间和温度）对烟梗物理性质、化学成分的影响，阐明了超声水洗对卷烟感官质量产生影响的机理。结果表明：(1)40 kHz超声水洗后制成的卷烟样品感官质量评价结果较好。(2)在相同的温度和水洗时间下，相较于传统水洗，28 kHz和40 k Hz两种频率超声水洗后的烟梗含水率没有差别，洁净度得到明显改善，总色差值较小，导管的微观结构存在变形。与28 k Hz相比，40 k Hz超声水洗后，烟梗的填充性能更优。(3)烟梗中烟碱、总糖、还原糖的质量分数及糖碱比、氮碱比的变化是引起烟梗感官质量产生差异的原因。因此，40 kHz超声水洗可以提高烟梗洁净度，保持烟梗填充性能，改善烟梗化学成分，从而有效提高卷烟感官质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve the quality of tobacco stems, an online pilot test of ultrasonic stem washing based on traditional stem washing technology was conducted to investigate the effects of different ultrasonic washing frequencies on the physical properties and chemical components of tobacco stems, and to analyze the mechanism of ultrasonic washing on the sensory quality of cut stems. The results showed that: 1)The sensory quality of cigarette samples containing cut stems washed by 40 kHz ultrasonic wave were better. 2) At the same temperature and washing time, compared with traditional washing, the moisture content in tobacco stems after 28 kHz and 40 kHz ultrasonic washing was not different, the cleanliness was significantly improved, the overall color difference was smaller, and the microstructure of the ducts was deformed. Compared with 28 kHz ultrasonic washing, the filling value of tobacco stem was better after 40 kHz washing. 3)The variations of nicotine, total sugar and reducing sugar mass fractions,sugar/nicotine ratio and nitrogen/nicotine ratio in tobacco stems contributed to the difference in sensory quality of cut stems in cigarettes. Therefore, 40 kHz ultrasonic washing could be used to improve the cleanliness and chemical composition of tobacco stems, maintaining their filling value, and effectively promoting their sensory quality.更多还原