【摘要】 1960年代之后芝加哥大学的人类学家在法国人类学家列维-斯特劳斯的结构主义基础上，发展出象征—结构人类学和历史—结构人类学等，其中的一脉研究喜马拉雅南坡的夏尔巴人，主要是担纲者鲍罗帛和敖谢丽等人，分别从弗洛伊德的精神分析理论和格尔茨的文化解释理论及萨林斯的历史结构理论出发对夏尔巴社会进行象征—结构分析，提出夏尔巴理想社会—文化范型和对该范型的中时段历史—结构转型的解释。更多还原

【Abstract】 This article traces the theoretical origination of the American anthropology on Sherpa studies, the one that is the most profound so far on this ethnic group. It was proved that both Robert Paul and Sherry B. Ortner have led this Chicago school of anthropology on Sherpa studies, which was a result of American adaptation of the French structuralism originally initiated by Lévi-Strauss. And with the psychoanalytic and symbolic-structural approaches, they contributed to our understanding of this ethnic group on the south side of the Himalaya. It checks, through a thorough reading of four books by these two authors, their contributions on the ideal socialcutural types of this group and how they were transformed in history.更多还原