【摘要】 目的 探讨肌骨超声检查对创伤性浅表软组织损伤的临床诊断价值。方法 选取本院收治的疑似创伤性浅表软组织损伤206例患者，均行超声检查及磁共振成像（Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MRI）检查，以手术病理检查结果为“金标准”，观察超声检查诊断结果及其安全性与准确性、超声检查声像图特点。结果 以手术病理检查结果为“金标准”，超声检查与MRI检查两种方式对诊断效能、损伤类型及阳性预测值与阴性预测值比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），但MRI检查对半月板撕裂检出率高于超声检查，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。12例神经损伤患者超声检查可见受压部位横断面减小，回声逐渐降低，彩色多普勒检查可探及少量血流信号；19例实性肿块患者声像图可见形态不规则回声区，边缘模糊，多普勒探查无血流信号；28例囊性肿块患者声像图可见部分液性暗区或无回声区，部分可探及血流信号，边缘清晰；24例韧带撕裂患者声像图可见患侧韧带弥漫性增厚且回声减低、结构紊乱，并可见血流信号；15例肌腱损伤患者声像图可见呈条带状低回声，且有连续性中断伴裂隙样低回声，断端可见血流信号；61例半月板撕裂患者声像图显示半月板连续性中断伴内部不均匀回声，彩色多普勒检查可探及血流信号。结论 肌骨超声检查在创伤性浅表软组织损伤的检查中，可有效鉴别损伤类型及其范围，准确率较高，可作为患者初步筛查手段，且具有无创、安全及可重复性等优点，应用价值高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To explore the clinical diagnostic value of musculoskeletal ultrasound in traumatic superficial soft tissue injury. Methods A total of 206 patients with suspected traumatic superficial soft tissue injury admitted to our hospital were selected as the research objects. All of them underwent musculoskeletal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) examinations. Surgical pathological examination results were the "gold standard". We observed the results of musculoskeletal ultrasound diagnosis and its safety and accuracy, as well as the characteristics of musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging. Results Taking the results of surgical pathological examination as the "gold standard", there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods of musculoskeletal ultrasound examination and MRI examination in diagnostic efficiency, injury type, and positive predictive value and negative predictive value(P>0.05). However, the detection rate of meniscus tear by MRI was higher than that of musculoskeletal ultrasound(P<0.05). Ultrasound examination of 12 patients with nerve injury showed that the cross section of the compressed part was reduced, the echo was gradually reduced, and a small amount of blood flow signal could be detected by color doppler examination. 19 patients with solid mass showed irregular echo areas on sonogram with blurred edges and no blood flow signal on doppler exploration. In 28 patients with cystic mass, part of the liquid dark area or anechoic area could be seen on the sonogram, some blood flow signals could be detected, and the edge was clear. In 24 patients with ligament tear, the sonographic images showed diffuse thickening of the ligament on the affected side with reduced echo, structural disorder, and blood flow signals. The sonogram of 15 patients with tendon injury showed band-like hypoechoic, and there were continuous interruptions with fissure-like hypoechoic, and blood flow signals were seen at the broken ends. The sonographic images of 61 patients with meniscus tear showed discontinuity of meniscus with uneven internal echo, and blood flow signals could be detected by color doppler examination. Conclusion In the examination of traumatic superficial soft tissue injury, musculoskeletal ultrasound can effectively identify the type of injury and its scope with high accuracy. It can be used as a preliminary screening method for patients and has the advantages of non-invasive safety and reproducibility. The value is extremely high.更多还原