【摘要】 肺癌可分为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)和小细胞肺癌两大病理组织学类型，其中NSCLC最为常见，多数患者在确诊时即为晚期。近年来，免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)的应用改善了晚期肿瘤的治疗结果，尤其显著延长了晚期NSCLC患者的生存期。由于种种原因中断ICI治疗后的治疗策略对患者意义重大，免疫再挑战作为备选方案之一，目前已有相关研究数据。该文就免疫治疗再挑战在晚期NSCLC中的研究进展做一综述，回顾相关最新研究，为临床治疗提供参考，并探索与更好结果相关的因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lung cancer can be classified into two major histopathological types: non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer, with NSCLC being the most common type.Most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage.In recent years, the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) has improved the treatment outcomes of advanced tumors, particularly significantly prolonging the survival of patients with advanced NSCLC.Due to various reasons, treatment strategies after ICI discontinuation are of great significance to patients.Re-challenge of immunotherapy, as one of the alternative options, has generated relevant research data.This article reviews the research progress of immunotherapy re-challenge in advanced NSCLC,summarizes the latest relevant studies, provides references for clinical treatment, and explores factors associated with better outcomes.更多还原