【摘要】 利用高速旋转式摩擦磨损试验机，在超低温液氮环境下测试了Ag、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）和MoS₂涂层在不同接触应力和不同滑动速度下的摩擦特性。使用XM-200型表面形貌仪、JSM-7800F型扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）分析了钢盘的磨痕形状及主要成分，探究了超低温环境下3种涂层的摩擦系数及磨损机理。结果表明，在2种滑动速度（高滑动速度2 m/s和低滑动速度0.4 m/s）条件下，有涂层时的摩擦系数变化范围不大，无涂层润滑时的摩擦系数则受滑动速度影响较大，其中MoS₂和PTFE涂层的减摩效果最好；同种工况下3种涂层的磨损量随着载荷的增大而增大，PTFE在超低温环境下耐磨性较差，磨损量较大，钢对MoS₂涂层的磨损量最小，钢对Ag涂层次之，说明Ag和MoS₂在超低温环境下均表现出良好的耐磨性，磨损量较小。更多还原

【Abstract】 The friction characteristics of silver（Ag）,polytetrafluoroethylene（PTFE） and molybdenum disulphide（MoS₂） coatings were tested under different contact stresses and different sliding speeds using a high-speed rotary friction and wear tester in an ultra-low temperature liquid nitrogen（LN₂） environment.The shape of the wear marks and the main components of the steel discs were analysed using an XM-200 surface morphometer, a JSM-7800F scanning electron microscope（SEM） and an energy spectrometer（EDS）,and the friction factors and wear mechanisms of the three coatings were investigated under ultra-low temperature environment. The results show that the friction factor of the coated steel discs does not vary much under two speeds（high sliding speed of 2 m/s and low sliding speed of 0.4 m/s）,while the friction factor of the uncoated steel discs is influenced by the sliding speed, with MoS₂ and PTFE having the best friction reduction effect.The wear of the three coatings increases with increasing load for the same operating conditions.The wear resistance of PTFE in the ultra-low temperature environment is poor and the wear amount is higher, while the wear amount of steel/MoS₂ coating is the smallest and steel/Ag coating is the second, indicating that both Ag and MoS₂ show good wear resistance in the ultra-low temperature environment and the wear amount is smaller.更多还原