节点文献
2014—2022年宁夏银川市某哨点医院流感监测结果分析
Analysis of Influenza Surveillance Results in A Sentinel Hospital in Yinchuan,Ningxia from 2014 to 2022
【摘要】 目的 本研究分析宁夏银川市哨点医院流感样病例的分布情况,分析流行性感冒的病原学特征,为银川市流行性感冒的防治工作提供科学依据。方法 通过中国流感监测系统收集2014—2022年银川市哨点医院流感样病例(ILI)和病原学监测数据,分析ILI的人群、时间分布情况及流感病毒阳性标本的人群、时间和分型等分布特征。结果 2014—2022年宁夏银川市某哨点监测医院ILI%为0.81%,流感阳性检出率为9.15%,其中Victoria型占38.73%,其他依次为季H3型(34.51%)、新甲H1型(18.31%)、Yamagata型(8.45%),2014年、2016年、2019年、2022年明显高于2018年、2020年、2021年流感阳性检出率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。流感在每年11月至次年3月流行,5~14岁年龄段流感阳性率最高,5岁以下儿童次之,而60岁以上年龄段流感阳性检出率最低(P<0.05)。2014年、2016年、2017年、2018年、2019年、2020年主要为甲型流感,除2018年优势毒株为新甲H1型外,其他均为季H3型;2015年、2021年、2022年主要为乙型流感,且均为Victoria型,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=531.646,P<0.001)。结论 银川市流感主要在冬春季流行,主要流行的是甲型季H3型和乙型Victoria型,15岁以下人群依然是防治重点,建议同时接种疫苗和规范佩戴口罩,以降低流感传播风险。
【Abstract】 Objective This study analyzed the distribution of influenza-like cases in sentinel hospital in Yinchuan,Ningxia,and analyzed the etiological characteristics of influenza,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of influenza in Yinchuan. Methods Through the China Influenza Surveillance system,influenza-like cases(ILI)and etiological surveillance data of Yinchuan Sentinel Hospital from 2014to 2022 were collected,and the population,time distribution of ILI and the distribution characteristics of population,time and typing of influenza virus positive samples were analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2022,ILI% of a sentinel monitoring hospital in Yinchuan,Ningxia was 0.81%,and the positive detection rate of influenza was 9.15%,among which Victoria accounted for 38.73%. It was followed by seasonal H3 type(34.51%),new A-H1 type(18.31%)and Yamagata type(8.45%),and the positive detection rate of influenza in 2014,2016,2019 and 2022 was significantly higher than that in 2018,2020 and 2021. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Influenza was prevalent from November to March of the following year.The influenza positive rate was the highest in the age group of 5-14 years,followed by children under 5 years,and the lowest in the age group above 60 years(P<0.05). 2014,2016,2017,2018,2019 and 2020 were mainly influenza A,except that the dominant strain in 2018 was new A H1,and all the others were seasonal H3. 2015,2021 and 2022 were mainly influenza B,and all were Victoria,the difference was statistically significant (χ~2=531.646,P<0.001). Conclusion Influenza is mainly prevalent in winter and spring in Yinchuan,and the main epidemic is that people H3 and Victoria,under 15 years are still the focus of prevention and treatment. It is recommended to vaccinate and wear masks at the same time to reduce the risk of influenza transmission.
- 【文献出处】 宁夏医科大学学报 ,Journal of Ningxia Medical University , 编辑部邮箱 ,2024年12期
- 【分类号】R511.7;R181.8
- 【下载频次】50