【摘要】 本试验旨在探究饲喂相同日粮条件下，比较水公牛与荷斯坦奶公牛养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血液生化指标的不同。试验选取健康且状况良好的水公牛和荷斯坦奶公牛各6头，单栏饲养，自由采食和饮水，试验分为预试期16 d,采样期6 d,每天测定采食量，采样期分别采集瘤胃液、饲料、粪便和血液样品用于瘤胃发酵参数、养分消化率、血液生化等指标的测定。结果表明：荷斯坦奶公牛对日粮中干物质、有机物、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维等养分摄入量极显著高于水公牛(P<0.01),水公牛对日粮中粗蛋白的消化率显著高于荷斯坦奶公牛(P<0.05),两组牛对日粮干物质、有机物、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪的消化率无显著差异(P>0.05);水公牛组瘤胃pH值显著高于荷斯坦奶公牛组(P<0.05),而瘤胃总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、丁酸、异戊酸和戊酸含量显著低于荷斯坦奶公牛组(P<0.05),两组牛瘤胃液中氨态氮、丙酸和异丁酸浓度无显著差异(P>0.05);水公牛组血液中丙氨酸氨基转移酶、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶、白蛋白、碱性磷酸酶、尿素、甘油三酯和白蛋白/球蛋白比含量显著高于荷斯坦奶公牛组(P<0.05),而血液中总蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇含量显著低于荷斯坦奶公牛组(P<0.05),两组牛血液中γ-谷氨酰基转移酶、血糖含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。试验结果表明：在本试验日粮饲养条件下，荷斯坦奶公牛对于日粮养分摄入量以及瘤胃乙酸、丁酸等挥发性脂肪酸产量均大于水公牛，具有较好的增重潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study was conducted to compare the differences in nutrient apparent digestibility, rumen fermentation parameters and blood biochemical indexes between water buffalo bulls and Holstein bulls, both of which were fed with the same diet. Six healthy water buffalo bulls and six Holstein bulls were fed with a totally mixed ration twice daily. The bulls were housed in individual pens, and had free access to feed and water. The experiment consisted of 16 days of adaptation followed by 6 days of sampling period. Feed intake, rumen fermentation parameters, nutrient digestibility and blood biochemical parameters of the bulls were determined. The results showed that the intake of dry matter（DM）, organic matter（OM）, crude protein（CP）, neutral detergent fiber（NDF） and acid detergent fiber（ADF） in the diet of the Holstein bulls was highly significantly higher than that of the water buffalo bulls（P<0.01）, and the digestibility of CP in the diet of the water buffalo bulls was significantly higher than that of the Holstein bulls（P<0.05）. However, there were no differences in the digestibility of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and ether extract（EE） between the two groups（P>0. 05）. The ruminal pH was significantly higher in the water buffalo bull group than in the Holstein bull group（P<0. 05）, but the ruminal total volatile fatty acid（VFA）, acetate, butyrate, isovalerate and valerate contents were significantly lower than those in the Holstein bull group（P<0. 05）, and there were no significant differences in the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen（NH₃-N）, propionate and isobutyrate in rumen fluid between the two groups（P>0. 05）. The contents of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, urea, triglyceride and albumin/globulin ratio in the blood of the water buffalo bull group were significantly higher than those of the Holstein bull group（P<0. 05）, but the contents of total protein, globulin and total cholesterol in the blood of the water bull group were significantly lower than those of the Holstein bull group（P<0. 05）, and there were no differences in the blood γ-glutamyl transferase and blood glucose contents between the two groups（P>0. 05）. The results of the present experiment indicated that, under the feeding conditions of this test diet, the Holstein bulls showed a better potential for weight gain in terms of dietary nutrient intake and the production of volatile fatty acids, such as rumen acetic acid and butyric acid, than the water buffalo bulls did.更多还原