【摘要】 磺化聚酯多元醇是合成软段亲水的磺酸型水性聚氨酯的关键原料。低酸值是磺化聚酯多元醇的重要技术指标，也是合成水性聚氨酯的关键。以间苯二甲酸二甲酯-5-磺酸钠为亲水单体，采用酯交换/酯化-熔融缩聚法合成了多种磺化聚酯多元醇，对产物结构进行了表征，重点考察了缩聚压力对其酸值的影响。根据二元醇在缩聚温度下的饱和蒸气压，提出“三段压力控制法”,逐级降低缩聚压力，在无溶剂的情况下使酸值降至1～2 mg KOH/g以下。由此开发的工艺适用于不同种类聚酯多元醇的合成，并可进行工艺放大。低酸值磺化聚己二酸丁二醇酯具有优异的亲水性和水分散性，可形成粒径<100 nm且带有蓝光的水分散液。将其应用于水性聚氨酯的合成，成功制得拉伸强度≥30 MPa的聚氨酯膜。更多还原

【Abstract】 Sulfonated polyester polyols were key raw materials in synthesis of sulfonate type waterborne polyurethane(WPU) with hydrophilic groups in soft segment. The low acid value(A_v) was an important technical indicator of sulfonated polyester polyols as well as a key factor that affecting the synthesis of WPU. Several sulfonated polyester polyols were synthesized by transesterification/esterification-melt polycondensation method by using sodium dimethyl isophthalate-5-sulfonate as a hydrophilic monomer. The structure of the products was characterized and the influence of condensation pressure on A_v was investigated with emphasis. According to the saturated pressure of diol at the polycondensation temperature, a so-called “three-stage pressure control method” was proposed and a variety of sulfonated polyester polyols with A_v<1～2 mg KOH/g were synthesized by gradually reducing the pressure without the aid of solvent or water-carrying agent. The developed technology was suitable for the synthesis of different kinds of polyester polyols and could be scaled up. Low A_v sulfonated poly(butanediol adipate) had excellent hydrophilicity and water dispersion, which could form water dispersions with blue light and particle size <100 nm, and polyurethane film with enough tensile strength(≥30 MPa) was successfully synthesized from it.更多还原