【摘要】 【目的】研究不同相态下娄彻氏链霉菌Streptomyces rochei A144挥发性物质对苹果树腐烂病菌壳囊孢Valsa mali的抑制效果，并进行体外检测，确定具有抑菌活性挥发性物质种类。【方法】采用平板对扣法测定不同生长时期(0、10、20、25、30 d)娄彻氏链霉菌A144挥发性物质对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制效果，使用顶空固相微萃取和气相色谱-串联质谱法检测分析其挥发性物质的含量，分别采用平板对扣法和涂抹法得出液态和气态处理下具有较好抑菌活性的挥发性物质。【结果】当娄彻氏链霉菌A144生长至20 d时，菌株A144产生的挥发性物质对苹果树腐烂病菌的抑制率为100%;生长至20 d的菌株A144共产生了63种挥发性物质。当浓度为62.50μL/L时，愈创木酚、1-辛醇和二甲基三硫气态熏蒸处理仍能完全抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的生长；将原液稀释8倍后，即体积分数为12.5%的1-辛醇和二甲基三硫液态处理仍能完全抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的生长。【结论】挥发性物质单体化合物1-辛醇和二甲基三硫具有显著抑制苹果树腐烂病菌的能力，有潜力作为抗苹果树腐烂病的重要开发农药药剂来源。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 To investigate the inhibitory effect of volatile substances produced by Streptomyces rochei A144 on Valsa mali under different phases, and to detect and determine the volatile substance with antifungal activity in vitro. 【Methods】 The inhibitory effect of volatile substances of Streptomyces rochei A144 on apple tree rot at different growth stages(0, 10, 20, 25 and 30 d) was determined by plate coupling method, and the content of volatile substances was detected by headspace solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. After that, the volatile substances with good antibacterial activity under liquid and gas treatment were obtained by plate and coating method, respectively. 【Results】 When the growth time was 20 days, the inhibition rate of volatile substances produced by strain A144 was 100%. Strain A144 produced 63 volatile substances after 20 days of growth. When the concentration was 62.50 μL/L, the gas fumigation treatment of guaiacol, 1-octanol and dimethyl trisulfide could still completely inhibit the growth of apple tree rot. After diluting the original solution by 8 times, the liquid treatment of 1-octanol and dimethyl trisulfide with volume fraction of 12.5% could still completely inhibit the growth of apple tree rot. 【Conclusion】 The volatile substances 1-octanol and dimethyl trisulfide have the ability to significantly inhibit the pathogen of apple tree rot, and have the potential to be an important pesticide source of anti-apple tree rot.更多还原