【摘要】 铜（Cu）是人体内仅次于铁（Fe）和锌（Zn）的第三大丰富元素，也是生命不可或缺的组成部分，但过量摄入Cu会损伤红细胞和神经系统。因此，铜离子(Cu²⁺)的检测在生物医学和环境领域越来越受到重视。在众多Cu²⁺的检测方法中，荧光探针具有操作方便、灵敏度高且适用于环境和细胞检测等优点，可以对细胞及生物体中的Cu²⁺进行动态标记，实现实时生物成像，具有广阔的研发前景。归纳总结了近5年用于Cu²⁺检测的荧光探针的研究进展，根据对Cu²⁺识别机制的不同，对此类荧光探针进行分类，阐述了Cu²⁺探针的分子结构和使用性能，并对进一步优化Cu²⁺荧光探针的发光性质和检测限提出了展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 While copper is a vital element for life and the third most abundant element in the body after iron and zinc, too much copper can harm the neurological system and red blood cells. As a result, the detection of copper ions has received increasing interest in the biomedical and environmental fields. Fluorescence probes, one of the techniques for detecting copper ions, have the advantages of being simple to use, highly sensitive, and applicable to both environmental and cellular detection. They can also be used to realize real-time bioimaging by dynamically labeling copper ions in cells and organisms, and offer a wealth of opportunities for further research and development. We describe the molecular structure and performance of the copper ion pairs of probes, classify such fluorescent probes according to the various recognition mechanisms of copper ions, summarize the research progress of fluorescent probes for copper ion detection in recent years, and suggest further optimization of the luminescence properties and detection limits of the copper ion fluorescent probes.更多还原