【摘要】 近年来，细菌耐药已经成为公共卫生的一项重大挑战，其中碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌目细菌(carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae，CRE)对抗生素的耐药形势尤为严峻。CRE的主要耐药机制是碳青霉烯酶的产生，不同菌株携带的耐药基因不同，产生的碳青霉烯酶也不同，因此，碳青霉烯酶和耐药基因的早期检测对于控制耐药菌的传播起到重要作用。目前对于碳青霉烯酶的表型检测方法有改良Hodge实验、改良碳青霉烯灭活试验、Carba NP试验、免疫学技术、质谱技术，对于耐药基因型的检测方法有实时荧光定量PCR技术、微阵列技术、等温扩增技术、测序技术，这些方法在碳青霉烯酶的检测中均具有广泛应用。了解各检测技术的优缺点对于在实际应用中选择最适检测方法是非常重要的。本文主要对CRE碳青霉烯酶检测方法的研究进展和各方法的优缺点进行综述，为CRE的检测、预防以及院内感染控制提供数据支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,bacterial drug resistance has become a major challenge to public health,with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) being particularly resistant to antibiotics.The main resistance mechanism of CRE is the production of carbapenemases,which are carried differently by different strains and encode different resistance genes;therefore,early detection of carbapenemases and resistance genes plays an important role in controlling the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.The current phenotypic assays for carbapenemases are the modified Hodge assay,the carbapenem inactivation assay,the Carba NP assay,the immunological assay,and mass spectrometry.For the detection of genotypes,there are real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR assay microarray technology,isothermal amplification assay and sequencing technology,all of which are widely used in the detection of carbapenemases.Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each detection technology is very important for the selection of the most appropriate detection method in practical applications,this paper focuses on the research progress of CRE carbapenemase detection methods and the advantages and disadvantages of each method are reviewed,to provide data support for the detection and prevention of CRE as well as the control of nosocomial infections.更多还原