【摘要】 目的 分析重庆市居民膳食n-3多不饱和脂肪酸与2型糖尿病发病关系，为2型糖尿病防治措施提供参考。方法 利用中国居民营养与健康随访研究(2021)CNNHS在重庆市收集的横断面调查数据，结合中国食物成分表计算能量与营养素摄入量，使用单因素和多因素Logistic回归模型分析n-3多不饱和脂肪酸摄入与2型糖尿病的关联。结果 本次研究最终纳入1 511例研究对象，2型糖尿病患者共280例，占18.80%。与动物性来源n-3多不饱和脂肪酸最低四分位数的研究对象相比，较高四分位数研究对象患糖尿病的风险更低(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.42～0.88),调整后的模型1与模型2结果相似(模型1,OR=0.64,95%CI:0.44～0.94;模型2,OR=0.66,95%CI:0.44～0.98)。其中，模型2中摄入植物性来源n-3多不饱和脂肪酸较高者患糖尿病的风险更低(OR=0.48,95%CI:0.24～0.98)。结论 膳食中动物性来源n-3 PUFA和植物性来源n-3 PUFA与2型糖尿病发病呈负相关，动物性来源n-3 PUFA与2型糖尿病相关性在调整混杂因素后减弱，但摄入植物性来源n-3 PUFA较高对糖尿病发病的保护作用最强。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the relationship between dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids（n-3 PUFA） and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM） among residents in selected districts of Chongqing, and to provide recommendations for the prevention of T2DM. Methods Using cross-sectional survey data collected in Chongqing as part of the 2021 China National Nutrition and Health Survey（CNNHS）, and in combination with energy and nutrient intake calculated from the Chinese Food Composition Tables, single-factor and multi-factor Logistic regression models were employed to investigate the association between n-3 PUFA intake and the incidence of T2DM. Results This study included a total of 1 511 participants, of which 280 were diagnosed with T2DM, accounting for 18.80% of the total. When compared to participants in the lowest quartile of animal-derived n-3 PUFA intake, those in the highest quartile had a significantly lower risk of developing T2DM（OR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.42-0.88）. The results from adjusted Model 1 were consistent with those of Model 2（Model 1: OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.44-0.94; Model 2: OR=0.66, 95%CI: 0.44-0.98）. Notably, in Model 2, the risk of developing T2DM was even lower in the Q₄ group of plant-derived n-3 PUFA compared to Q₁（OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.24-0.98）. Conclusion The dietary intake of animal-derived n-3 PUFA and plant-derived n-3 PUFA is negatively correlated with the incidence of T2DM. The association between animal-derived n-3 PUFA and T2DM weakens after adjusting for confounding factors, with the highest quartile of plant-derived n-3 PUFA showing the strongest protective effect against T2DM.更多还原