【摘要】 目的 分析济南市新确证人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(human immunodeficiency virus type 1, HIV-1)感染者传播关系的分子网络特征，为疫情流行趋势和防治提供依据。方法 收集济南市2021年新报告的感染HIV-1的血液样本168份，通过巢式PCR扩增HIV-1的pol区基因，采用neighbor-joining方法构建进化树，基因距离<1.5%构建分子网络，对网络的相关因素进行分析。通过美国斯坦福大学HIV耐药数据库在线软件工具分析耐药突变位点。结果 168份样本序列共9个亚型，优势亚型主要为两个流行重组型(circulating recombinant form, CRF),CRF01＿AE亚型(41.7%,70/168)和CRF07＿BC亚型(36.3%,61/168)，其他亚型有B、CRF68＿01B、CRF55＿01B、CRF65＿CPX、CRF67＿01B、CRF96＿CPX及C亚型。在基因距离为1.50%时，共形成了15个分子簇，入网序列共51条，入网率为30.4%。7份样本存在监测性耐药突变(surveillance drug-resistance mutations, SDRM),耐药传播率为4.2%，集中为核苷类反转录酶抑制剂和非核苷类反转录酶抑制剂耐药位点突变。结论 济南市HIV-1亚型丰富，主要为CRF01＿AE和CRF07＿BC亚型。应构建分子传播网络对济南市进行长期监测，以采取针对性的措施阻断其传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the molecular network characteristics of the transmission relationship of newly confirmed human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1) infection in Jinan, to provide basis for epidemic trend and prevention. Methods A total of 168 blood samples newly reported to be infected with HIV-1 in Jinan in 2021 were collected. The pol region gene of HIV-1 was amplified by nested PCR, the evolutionary tree was constructed by neighbor-joining method, and the molecular network was constructed by gene distance < 1.5%. The related factors of the network were analyzed. The mutation sites of drug re-sistance were analyzed by the online software tool of HIV drug resistance database of Stanford University. Results There were 9subtypes in the sample sequence. The dominant subtypes were two epidemic recombination types circulating recombinant form(CRF), CRF01＿AE subtype(41.7%, 70/168), and CRF07＿BC subtype(36.3%, 61/168). The other subtypes were B, CRF68＿01B,CRF55＿01B, CRF65＿CPX, CRF67＿01B, CRF96＿CPX, and C. When the gene distance was 1.50%, a total of 15 molecular clusters were formed, with a total of 51 sequences, and the network entry rate was 30.4%. Surveillance drug-resistance mutations(SDRM) were monitored in 7 samples, with drug resistance transmission rate of 4.2%, focusing on drug resistance site mutations of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Conclusion There are abundant HIV-1 subtypes in Jinan, mainly CRF01＿AE and CRF07＿BC subtypes. A molecular transmission network should be established for long-term monitoring to take targeted measures to block its spread.更多还原