【摘要】 目的 本文使用2005—2018年HIV/AIDS发病率监测数据，对其空间特征和影响因素进行研究，为科学有序、可持续、精准的区域化防控策略提供支撑。方法 首先使用空间自相关方法探讨其时空分异特征，然后采用时空地理加权回归(GTWR)对影响因素进行研究。结果 2005年以来，HIV/AIDS疫情的总体传播速度不断加快，且具有明显的空间差异性，表现为非均衡增长；2011年以后，非均衡增长加速，各省份HIV/AIDS疫情集聚趋势更加明显，空间近邻效应比较明显，在博台线以下区域有内部拓展趋势。经济、交通、医疗和教育共同影响HIV/AIDS发病率时空演变格局。经济因素对HIV/AIDS蔓延的影响程度较大，但总体在逐渐减弱。交通因素在博台线以上的大部分区域，为正向高值区域，且基本保持在平稳水平。医疗因素对HIV/AIDS发病率的影响明显，但呈逐渐减弱的趋势。教育因素对HIV/AIDS发病率影响较大，且影响力基本稳定。结论 从时空数据挖掘视角，分析HIV/AIDS发病率时空分异特征和近邻效应，探讨了经济、交通、医疗和教育因素对HIV/AIDS发病率的影响，有利于大众从新视角直观地认识HIV/AIDS，对于控制HIV/AIDS疫情，优化配置公共卫生资源，都有重要的借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of HIV/AIDS incidence in China based on surveillance data from 2005 to 2018, to provide support for scientific, orderly, sustainable, and accurate regional prevention and control strategies. Methods The spatial autocorrelation method was used to explore the characteristics of spatial-temporal differentiation, and then geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR) was used to investigate the influencing factors. Results Since 2005, the overall spread speed of the AIDS epidemic was accelerating and showed obvious spatial differences demonstrated by unbalanced growth. After 2011, the unbalanced growth accelerated, and the agglomeration trend of the AIDS epidemic in various provinces became more obvious. The spatial nearest neighbor effect was more obvious, and there was an internal expansion trend in the areas below the Bole-Taipei line. Economy, transportation, health care, and edu-cation jointly affected the temporal and spatial evolution pattern of HIV/AIDS incidence. Economic factors had a great impact on the spread of AIDS, which was gradually weakening. Most of the traffic factors above the Bole-Taipei line were positive high-value areas and basically remained at a stable level. The influence of medical factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS was obvious, but it tended to weaken gradually. Educational factors had a great influence on the incidence of HIV/AIDS, and the influence was basically stable. Conclusion From the perspective of spatial-temporal data mining, the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics and neighborhood effects of the incidence of HIV/AIDS are analyzed, and the effects of econom-ic, transportation, medical, and educational factors on the incidence of HIV/AIDS are discussed. This study helps the public understand AIDS visually from a new perspective and has important reference significance for controlling AIDS epidemic and optimizing the allocation of public health resources.更多还原