【摘要】 为了选育高种子活力的玉米杂交种，同时探究玉米种子活力的组配规律，根据NCⅡ遗传交配设计选用陕A群、陕B群的12个自交系组配了36个杂交组合，通过测定标准及其冷浸条件下种子的活力指标，对杂交种的种子活力及其配合力进行评价和分析。结果表明，杂交组合在冷浸发芽条件下的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、简易活力指数等表型变异丰富，变异系数均大于40%;而在标准发芽条件下的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、简易活力指数等其他性状变异系数均较小。综合而言，种子活力表现较好的组合主要有KA225×KB088和KA225×KB261两个组合。活力指标一般配合力较高的自交系为KA066、KA225、KB088,活力指标特殊配合力较高的组合为KA205×KB210、KA225×KB210、Z21466×KB019、KA066×KB139、KB227×KB088。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to breed maize hybrids with high seed vigor and explore the combination rules of maize seed vigor, twelve inbred lines from the Shaan A group and the Shaan B group were selected for crossing according to the NCⅡ genetic mating system, and 36 hybrid combinations were generated. By measuring the seed vigor indicators of the 36 hybrid combinations under standard and cold conditions, the seed vigor and combining ability of the hybrids and their parents were evaluated and analyzed. The results showed that the hybrid combination exhibted diverse phenotypic variations in germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vitality index, simple vitality index under cold soak germination conditions, with coefficients of variation greater than 40%; under standard germination conditions, the variation coefficients for all traits, including germination rate, germination index, vitality index, and simple vitality index showed smaller variation. Overall, the combinations such as KA225×KB088 and KA225×KB261 exhibited higher seed vigor, the inbred lines with high general combining ability of vigor index included KA066, KA225, and KB088, and the combination with high specific combining ability for vigor index included KA205×KB210, KA225×KB210, Z21466×KB019, KA066×KB139, and KB227×KB088. The results of this study provide a theoretical reference for further breeding new maize varieties with high seed vigor.更多还原