【摘要】 为了更深入地了解PYL基因的遗传和进化特征，本研究针对5种山茶属植物的PYL基因密码子使用模式进行分析。基于公布的浙江红山茶、狭叶油茶、‘云抗10号’、野生大树茶、‘铁观音’基因组数据共鉴定出55个PYL基因。系统发育结果显示，PYL基因可分为4类。共线性分析表明，PYL基因在进化过程中受到的选择压力较小，主要受到纯化选择的作用。密码子偏好指数和同义密码子使用偏差分析，59个同义密码子的使用存在显著差异。PYL基因偏好使用GCC、ATC、CTC、ACC、GTC等以G/C结尾编码疏水性氨基酸的密码子。通过ENC plot、PR2-plot、GC3-GC12分析表明，自然选择在PYL基因进化中发挥了重要作用。在异源表达时，PYL基因密码子使用频率相似性高的受体为最佳受体。本研究揭示PYL基因在山茶属植物中的密码子使用特点和进化关系，为深入理解其功能及适应性机制提供了参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To further elucidate the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of PYL genes, this study analyzed the codon usage patterns of five Camellia species.Based on the published genome data, 55 PYL genes were identified across Camellia chekiangoleosa,Camellia lanceoleosa,Camellia sinensis ‘Yunkang 10’,DASZ,and ‘Tieguanyin’.The phylogenetic analysis revealed that PYL genes could be classified into four groups, exhibiting high conservation.The collinearity analysis indicated that PYL genes were subjected to minimal selection pressure during evolution and mainly influenced by purifying selection.The analysis of codon preference index and synonymous codon usage bias demonstrated significant differences among 59 synonymous codons.The PYL genes showed a preference for codons ending with G/C,such as GCC,ATC,CTC,ACC,GTC,which were associated with encoding hydrophobic amino acids.ENC plot, PR2-plot, and GC3-GC12 analysis suggested that natural selection play an important role in the evolution of PYL genes.The receptor with high similarity in codon usage frequency of PYL genes is considered optimal for heterologous expression analysis.This study provides valuable insights into the codon usage characteristics and evolutionary relationships of PYL genes in Camellia species, contributing to a deeper understanding of their functional and adaptive mechanisms.更多还原