【摘要】 人口要素和科技创新对实现经济高质量发展具有深度影响，人口要素与科技创新是经济增长的两大引擎。文中基于31个省、自治区、直辖市2008—2021年的面板数据，运用空间杜宾模型，从人口结构的4个维度出发，对人口结构、科技创新与经济高质量发展的关系进行了探析。研究结果表明：人口老龄化对本地和邻近地区均为显著的抑制性作用。人口城镇化与科技创新均对本地具有正向促进作用且对邻近地区为正向溢出效应。劳动供给对邻近地区促进作用更为显著，而人力资本未达到预期促进作用。此外，科技创新未能弥补老龄化对经济高质量发展的抑制作用且存在部分遮掩效应。因此，仍需加强区域合作与整合，把握好老龄人口机遇，充分挖掘老龄人力资源，有效推进人口城镇化，加大研发投入强度，促进科技创新，将推动经济高质量发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Population factors and scientific and technological innovation have a profound impact on the realization of highquality economic development. Population factors and scientific and technological innovation are the two engines of economic growth. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces from 2008 to 2021, this paper analyzes the relationship between population structure, scientific and technological innovation and high-quality economic development from four dimensions by using spatial Dobbin model. The results show that the aging of population has a significant inhibitory effect on both local and neighboring areas. Both population urbanization and scientific and technological innovation have a positive role in promoting the local area and a positive spillover effect on neighboring areas. Labor supply plays a more significant role in promoting neighboring areas, while human capital fails to achieve the expected promotion. In addition,scientific and technological innovation has failed to make up for the inhibitory effect of aging on high-quality economic development and there is a partial masking effect. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen regional cooperation and integration, grasp the opportunities of the aging population, fully tap the aging human resources, effectively promote the urbanization of the population, increase the intensity of R&D investment, and promote scientific and technological innovation, which will promote high-quality economic development.更多还原