【摘要】 过去5年各大城市都在经历与气候变化相关的极端事件，如热浪、洪水和病毒，这些事件的强度和频率有恶化趋势，城市人口和经济活动高度集中、城市政治文化影响深远，建立多方协同应急物流体系是城市应对突发事件的紧迫任务。以我国城市应对新冠疫情应急物流实践为背景，在系统梳理城市应急物流体系面临主要难点基础上，提出了城市应急物流体系构建的基点，按纵向分层、横向分块的结构模式，设计了以“一个平台、四个系统、多个保障”为核心的城市多方协同应急物流分级体系架构，该体系既是对现有城市应急物流经验的总结，也对突发事件下各城市推进应急物流体系建设具有参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, in the context of the emergency logistics practice of Chinese cities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, from four aspects: inter-agent collaboration, element allocation, formulation and rehearsal of emergency plans, and dynamic interaction of operations, we go over systematically the main difficulties faced by an urban emergency logistics system, including mismatch between the multi-party working mechanism of emergency logistics and the requirements on emergency logistics coordination, insufficient and unbalanced resources allotment of emergency logistics elements, imperfect emergency response planning, and lack of interactive means at multiple levels of the emergency logistics system. On this basis, starting from the perspective of "hierarchical management" and "collaborative governance", we construct the hierarchical system of urban multi-party collaborative emergency logistics and according to the concept of vertical stratification and horizontal zoning, we design the overall framework of the hierarchical system of urban multi-party collaborative emergency logistics with "one platform, four systems, and multiple guarantees" as the core and "decision-making layer, coordination layer, operation layer, and guarantee layer" as the main hierarchies. At the same time, we split the urban emergency logistics organization system into four levels: city level, district level, street(township) level, and community(village) level, and propose the hierarchical operation system of urban multi-party collaborative emergency logistics and its operation workflows.Finally, we analyze the key tasks and measures for the construction of the municipal multi-party collaborative emergency logistics hierarchical system, mainly including: in view of the demand for cross-departmental, cross-agent, and cross-hierarchical collaboration, promoting the establishment of an urban emergency logistics command and coordination mechanism; steadily improving the comprehensive support capabilities of urban emergency logistics to form a joint force; compiling and improving the municipal emergency logistics hierarchical response plan with multi-scenario adaptation, multi-hierarchical collaboration, and multimodal transport; closely following the relevant national policies and the future development needs of specific cities to promote the construction of the urban emergency logistics public information platform. The urban multi-party collaborative emergency logistics hierarchical system constructed in this paper is not only a summary of the existing practice and wisdom on urban emergency logistics, but also has reference value for cities to promote the construction of emergency logistics systems in time of emergencies.更多还原