【摘要】 目的：研究中等强度跑台运动对去卵巢大鼠肠道菌群的影响，探讨肠道菌群与骨量之间的相关性。方法：60只雌性3月龄SPF级Sprague-Dawley大鼠，随机分为去卵巢组(OVX组)、去卵巢运动组(OVX+EX组)和假手术组(SHAM组),运动结束后采用双能X线骨密度仪测定体成分和骨密度，Micro-CT扫描股骨观察骨微结构，16S rRNA高通量测序分析肠道菌群的变化。结果：(1)与SHAM组相比，OVX组大鼠体重、脂肪含量显著上升，肌肉含量、骨密度均显著降低，骨小梁微结构破坏严重；与OVX组相比，OVX+EX组大鼠体重和脂肪含量显著降低，肌肉含量和第4腰椎骨密度显著升高，股骨骨密度显著升高，OVX+EX组大鼠骨小梁数目增加且连续性提高。(2)与SHAM组相比，OVX组大鼠α多样性增加，厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门(F/B)显著降低，普雷沃氏菌的相对丰度增加，颤螺菌属、瘤胃球菌属、阿克曼菌属和粪球菌属的相对丰度降低；与OVX组相比，OVX+EX组大鼠厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门的相对丰度显著升高，普雷沃氏菌的相对丰度降低，瘤胃球菌属的相对丰度显著增加。其中，普雷沃氏菌与骨量显著负相关，瘤胃球菌属与骨量显著正相关。结论：卵巢切除术改变了大鼠肠道微生物群的组成，中等强度跑台运动改善了去卵巢大鼠体成分和骨量，其机制可能通过调节大鼠肠道菌群中普雷沃氏菌、瘤胃球菌属的丰度实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To study the effect of moderate intensity treadmill exercise on gut microbiota in ovariectomized rats, and to explore the correlation between gut microbiota and bone mass. Methods: Sixty three-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into ovariectomized group(OVX), ovariectomized exercise group(OVX+EX) and sham-operated group(SHAM). After exercise, the body composition and bone mineral density were determined by dual-energy X-ray bone densitometry, the bone microstructure was observed by Micro-CT scanning of femur, and the changes of gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. Results:(1) Compared with SHAM group, OVX group significantly increased body weight and fat content, significantly decreased muscle content and bone mineral density, and severely damaged trabecular microstructure; Compared with OVX group, body weight and fat content of OVX+EX group were significantly decreased, muscle content and fourth lumbar vertebra bone density were significantly increased, femur bone density was significantly increased, and the number and continuity of bone trabeculae of OVX+EX group were increased.(2) Compared with SHAM group, Alpha diversity increased in OVX group, Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B) decreased significantly, the relative abundance of Prevoella increased, and the relative abundance of Tremillum, Ruminococcus, Ackermannia and Coprococcus decreased; Compared with OVX group, the relative abundance of F/B in OVX+EX group was significantly increased, the relative abundance of Prevotella was decreased, and the relative abundance of Ruminococcus was significantly increased. Among them, Prevotella was significantly negatively correlated with bone mass, while Ruminococcus was significantly positively correlated with bone mass. Conclusion: Ovariectomy changes the composition of gut microbiota in rats. Moderate intensity treadmill exercise improves the body composition and bone mass of ovariectomized rats, and the mechanism may be achieved by regulating the abundance of Prevotella and Ruminococcus in the gut microbiota of rats.更多还原