【摘要】 基于双轴惯性式振动电机，研制了一套模拟列车荷载作用的路基激振装置ISV400。考虑轨道及路基结构层自重荷载，利用偏心片数量N_c、配重块数量N_a与供电频率f_in,调控简谐动载的峰-谷值差值应力σ_d、谷值应力σ_v和激振频率f_out,开展ISV400系统现场标定试验，分析f_out与f_in关系，探究N_c、N_a组合下σ_d、σ_v随f_out变化规律，明确ISV400稳定工作频率区间，建立激振力估算方程，提出面向路基结构现场动测的设备参数配置方法。研究表明：f_out约为f_in的0.5倍，f_out低于5 Hz时电机转轴欠同步，将导致装置运行不稳定；σ_d、σ_v测试值分别高于、低于偏心质量旋转离心原理得到的理论值，且两者偏差与f_out正相关，f_out为15～25 Hz时易受共振影响；f_out为5～15 Hz且保持N_a恒定时，σ_d-f_out曲线族不受N_c影响，σ_d上限约为400 kPa,N_c对应的σ_v-f_out曲线族相互平行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on a dual-axis inertial vibrating motor, an ISV400 apparatus was developed for simulating train-induced loading on railway subgrade. Considering the dead load of track structure and subgrade layers, the device was calibrated to regulate peak-to-valley stress σ_d, valley stress σ_v, and excitation frequency f_out by varying the number of eccentric plates N_c, counterweights N_a, and power supply frequency f_in. Comprehensive field calibration tests for the ISV400 system were conducted to scrutinize the relationship between f_out and f_in, explore the dependence of σ_d and σ_v on f_out under varying combinations of N_c and N_a, define the stable operating frequency range of ISV400, establish excitation force estimation equations, and propose parameter configuration methods tailored to field dynamic measurements on subgrades. The findings indicate that f_out is approximately 0.5 times f_in and that motor shaft under-synchronization in case of f_out falling below 5 Hz will lead to device dynamic instability. Observed σ_d and σ_v values are higher and lower, respectively, than theoretical predictions based on the principles of eccentrically rotating masses. Furthermore, these discrepancies are positively correlated with f_out, which is susceptible to resonant effects between 15～25 Hz. When f_out ranges between 5～15 Hz and N_a remains constant, σ_d-f_out curves remain unaffected by N_c, with an upper σ_d limit of approximately 400 kPa, while the σ_v-f_out curves corresponding to different N_c are parallel to one another.更多还原