【摘要】 目的 了解中国农村自雇中老年人抑郁现状及其影响因素，为改善中国中老年人抑郁状况及制定相关预防措施提供科学依据。方法 利用2018年中国养老与健康追踪调查数据，应用10项流调中心抑郁水平评定量表(the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, CES-D),分析≥45岁中国农村自雇中老年人的抑郁状况及影响因素。结果中国农村自雇中老年人抑郁症状发生率为37.53%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，高年龄75岁以上(OR=1.542,95%CI:1.117～2.129)会增加农村自雇中老年人抑郁症状发生的风险(P<0.05),文化程度小学及以下(OR=0.836,95%CI:0.702～0.996)、文化程度高中及以上(OR=0.727,95%CI:0.543～0.975)、健康自评状况一般(OR=0.836,95%CI:0.712～0.981)、健康自评状况好(OR=0.802,95%CI:0.666～0.965)等因素有助于减少中国农村自雇中老年人抑郁症状的发生(P<0.05)。结论 年龄、文化程度、自评健康状况等因素对中国农村自雇中老年人抑郁的发生均有影响，应采取综合措施进行干预以有效预防中老年人抑郁的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of depression among rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly people in China, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the depression status of middle-aged and elderly people in China and formulating relevant preventive measures. Methods Based on the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in 2018, we used the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) to analyze the status of depression and its influencing factors among rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly people aged 45 years and above in China. Results The incidence rate of depression symptoms among the rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly in China was 37.5%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis displayed that advanced age over 75 years(OR=1.542, 95%CI:1.117-2.129) increased the risk of occurrence of depression symptoms in the rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly(P<0.05). Factors such as primary school education or below(OR=0.836, 95%CI:0.702-0.996), high school education or above(OR=0.727, 95%CI:0.543-0.975), self-rated health status for general(OR=0.836, 95%CI:0.712-0.981), and self-rated health status for good(OR=0.802, 95%CI:0.666-0.965) were conducive to declining the occurrence of depression symptoms in the rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly in China(all P<0.05). Conclusion Factors like age, education level and self-rated health status have impacts on the occurrence of depression in the rural self-employed middle-aged and elderly in China. Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to effectively prevent the occurrence of depression in the elderly.更多还原