【摘要】 20世纪上半叶中国的世界史教科书，先是译介外文的“西洋史”“东洋史”教科书，进而创设出具有中国特色的“东亚各国史”(不包含中国的东洋史)、“世界史”(融合东洋史和西洋史)和“外国史”(与中国史拆分)教科书。世界史在历史教科书体系中的独立演进过程与近代知识分子对世界史教科书如何处理中国史事的思考和探索密不可分。中外历史本就相互关联，出于内外有别的理念，世界史教科书要将中国史事尽可能删削以与中国史教科书区别开来，但近代中国深受外部侵略之苦，出于民族立场世界史教科书又不得不加大对侵略与反侵略史的叙述。正是在二者的不断冲突与调适中，中国的世界史教科书逐渐呈现分科倾向和注重中国立场、中国史事的问题意识。该特点对于当下中国的世界史学科仍有影响，那些关于中外历史混合、区分的思考与实践在今日看来仍有启发性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the first half of the twentieth century, world history textbooks in China were first relied on translated materials on “Western history” and “history of the East Asia” textbooks of foreign languages. Then,textbooks with Chinese characteristics were created, such as “history of East Asian countries”(the history of Asia excluding Chinese history), “world history”(integrating Eastern and Western history) and “foreign history”(separating from Chinese history). The independent development of world history in the history textbook system was closely related to the modern intellectuals’ reflection on and exploration of how to address Chinese historical events within world history. The relationship between Chinese and foreign histories, by nature, is complex and interwoven. Out of the idea of the differences between inside and outside, world history textbooks were structured to minimize coverage of Chinese historical events, as to distinguish them from “Chinese history” textbooks. However, since modern China suffered greatly from external aggressions, world history textbooks had to increase narratives on the history of foreign invasions and anti-aggression from a nationalist standpoint. It is in the constant tension and adjustment of the two that Chinese world history textbooks gradually adopted a “de-Sinicization” approach and emphasized a Chinese position and highlighted Chinese historical events. This trend continues to influence the field of world history system in China, and those past considerations on mixing, differentiating, and penetrating of Chinese and foreign history remain inspirational for scholars today.更多还原