【摘要】 微塑料表面微生物的定植以及生物膜的形成是最近几年研究的热点问题，然而老化的微塑料对微生物群落结构和生物膜形成的影响鲜有报道。进入环境中的微塑料易老化使其表面性质发生改变，如比表面积增大、疏水性降低、引入含氧基团等。与原始微塑料相比，老化微塑料表面附着微生物更多，疏水性降低使得微生物更易于附着。微塑料表面微生物的丰富度与均匀度与周围环境存在差异，这也表明微塑料可能作为一个新的生态位。微塑料表面生物量随着定植时间增加而增加，老化过程中微塑料表面定植的优势菌属也会随时间变化。与原始微塑料相比，老化微塑料由于添加剂的渗出，可能吸引某些特定细菌定植在老化微塑料表面。通过回顾以往的研究总结微生物定植的特点，为相关研究提供参考，减小老化微塑料引起生态风险的可能性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The colonization of microorganisms on the surface of microplastics and the formation of biofilms are hot issues in recent years.However, the effects of aging microplastics on microbial community structure and biofilm formation are rarely reported.The microplastics entering the environment are prone to aging and change their surface properties, such as increasing specific surface area, reducing hydrophobicity, and introducing oxygen-containing groups.Compared with the original microplastics, the surface of the aged microplastics adhered more microorganisms, and the decrease in hydrophobicity made the microorganisms easier to adhere.The richness and evenness of microorganisms on the surface of microplastics are different from the surrounding environment, which also indicates that microplastics may serve as a new niche.The surface biomass of microplastics increased with the increase of colonization time, and the dominant bacteria colonized on the surface of microplastics during aging also changed with time.Compared with the original microplastics, aging microplastics may attract certain bacteria to colonize on the surface of aging microplastics due to the exudation of additives.By reviewing previous studies, the characteristics of microbial colonization were summarized to provide reference for related research and reduce the possibility of ecological risks caused by aging microplastics.更多还原