【摘要】 热带沿海地区有着独特的鱼类多样性,而沿海又是城市化的热点区域。三亚市是我国典型的热带沿海城市,位于海南岛南部,三亚河流域是该市最主要的河流系统。为了解三亚市的鱼类多样性,本研究通过鱼类多样性本底调查与固定监测两部分野外工作,并整合历史文献与标本馆标本,对该地区的鱼类进行了较为系统的梳理。以Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数分析评估了三亚河流域鱼类的多样性水平和时空变化。结果表明:三亚市共有鱼类133种,其中土著鱼类120种。咸淡水区是三亚市鱼类多样性的热点地区;三亚河4条主要支流中,汤他水和六罗水的多样性较高。外来物种是目前三亚市鱼类多样性面临的最主要威胁。外来物种个体数量在红树林咸淡水区与各支流水库及以下城镇密集的河段占相当高的比例,河口和各水库上游溪流的外来种占比低。综合本研究的调查结果,三亚市鱼类多样性的保护首要是防控外来和入侵鱼类,其次是各类湿地的修复,同时需要控制面源和点源污染,统筹各水库下泄生态流量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aims: The tropical coastal regions have very unique fish diversity, and these coastal regions are also becoming the hotspots of the significant urbanization. Sanya City, located in the south of Hainan Island, is a typical tropical coastal city with the Sanyahe River as its main river system. This study aims to provide an overview of the current fish diversity in Sanya City.Methods: Two field collection journeys were conducted throughout Sanyahe River system in May(dry season) and July(rainy season) of 2022. Additionally, long-term monitoring was carried out at nine monitoring stations across different sections of the river from March to July in the same year. Relevant historical literature and the voucher records from ichthyologic collections of the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, were also integrated. Three αdiversity indices(Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, and Pielou evenness index) were used to assess the diversity across different habitat, river sections, and seasons.更多还原