【摘要】 明确典型退化土壤中不同绿肥作物根际磷转化特征，为充分利用绿肥作物生物学潜力活化土壤磷素提供科学依据。以赤红壤和石灰土为供试土壤，通过盆栽试验研究了种植肥田萝卜(LB)、紫花苕子(ZHS)、山蚂蝗(SMH)和柱花草(ZHC)对根际土壤pH、酸性磷酸酶活性和土壤磷组分的影响。在两种供试土壤中，肥田萝卜的生物量、磷浓度和磷肥利用效率均显著高于其他作物。除柱花草外，种植绿肥作物均不同程度提高了两种土壤pH和酸性磷酸酶活性；赤红壤种植4种绿肥作物均显著消耗了总无机磷、活性无机磷、中等活性无机磷、稳定态无机磷和残留态磷；石灰土种植绿肥作物(山蚂蝗除外)显著消耗了土壤总有机磷。随机森林分析表明，赤红壤稳定态无机磷、活性无机磷、中等活性无机磷和活性有机磷对绿肥作物磷吸收有显著影响；石灰土中等活性无机磷、稳定态有机磷、稳定态无机磷和酸性磷酸酶对绿肥作物磷吸收有显著影响。在赤红壤中，不同绿肥作物倾向于利用土壤中各种形态的无机磷；在石灰土中，酸性磷酸酶促进了土壤有机磷的周转，从而促进了绿肥作物对磷的吸收。肥田萝卜和紫花苕子在两种土壤中均具有较高的磷活化潜力，可以作为华南地区典型退化土壤改良的优良绿肥作物品种。更多还原

【Abstract】 We investigated rhizosphere phosphorus(P) dynamics of four green manure crops in lateritic red soil and calcareous soil, aiming to provide a scientific basis for maximizing the biological potential of green manure crops to mobilize soil P. A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effects of planting Raphanus sativus(LB), Vicia angustifolia(ZHS), Desmodium intortum(SMH), and Stylosanthes guianensis(ZHC) on the rhizosphere soil pH, acid phosphatase activity and phosphorus fractions in lateritic red soil and calcareous soil. In both soil types, Raphanus sativus had significantly higher biomass, P concentration, and P-use efficiency than the other crops. Except for Stylosanthes guianensis, planting green manure crops moderately increased soil pH and acid phosphatase activity in both soils. In lateritic red soil, the four green manure crops significantly depleted total inorganic P, labile inorganic P, moderately labile inorganic P, stable inorganic P, and residual P. In contrast, planting green manure crops(except Desmodium intortum) significantly depleted total organic P in the calcareous soil. Results of random forest analysis indicated that stable inorganic P, labile inorganic P, moderately labile inorganic P, and labile organic P were the most important predictors of plant P uptake in lateritic red soil, while soil moderately labile inorganic P, stable organic P, stable inorganic P, and acid phosphatase activity showed significant impacts on plant P uptake in calcareous soil. In lateritic red soil, different green manure crops tended to utilize various forms of inorganic P, while in calcareous soil, acid phosphatase-mediated turnover of soil organic P played an important role in plant P uptake. Taken together, Raphanus sativus and Vicia angustifolia showed significant P mobilizing potential in both soils and can serve as suitable crop species for improving the quality of typical degraded soils in South China.更多还原