【摘要】 [目的]探究抗冻型人造土冻融适应性及其在高寒地区边坡植被修复中的实践效果，为高寒地区边坡植被修复工程应用提供理论依据和应用支撑。[方法]采用室内冻融循环试验剖判人造土在冻融循环60次期间的理化性质变化特征，结合主成分分析确定室外试验监测指标的选取，现场取样监测了近4 a人造土在西藏高寒地区岩质边坡的工程应用及其植被修复效果，并与当地天然土作对照分析。[结果]与天然土相比，抗冻型人造土的抗冻稳定性和肥力均有显著提升(p<0.05),具体表现在其冻融前后的相对动弹性模量、>0.25 mm水稳性大团聚体含量、平均重量直径(MWD)、团聚度及有机质、铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷和速效钾含量显著提升，而质量损失率和结构破坏率显著降低(p<0.05)。主成分分析显示，室内试验指标中的相对动弹性模量、结构破坏率、pH值和有机质含量与主成分因子的相关性较高，因此在室外试验中监测这4个指标和植被修复情况。室外监测中发现抗冻型人造土4 a内在不同时间段上的结构破坏率均更低，相对动弹性模量和有机质含量更高；其边坡植被修复后的植被覆盖率、物种多样性、地上和地下生物量均更佳。[结论]抗冻型人造土在高寒地区应用时的植被修复效果更佳，特别是其抗冻耐久性、团聚体稳定性和肥力表现突出，均优于天然土，因此其更适宜于边坡植被修复应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] The freeze-thaw adaptability of frost-resistant artificial soil and its application effects in slope vegetation restoration were studied by use of indoor and outdoor tests of various soil physical and chemical indexes in order to provide scientific support and a basis for the application of slope vegetation restoration in an alpine region. [Methods] The physical and chemical properties of soil after 60 freeze-thaw cycles were measured by indoor tests, and representative indexes were selected by principal component analysis for outdoor tests. The practical application effect of artificial soil in Xizang alpine region for four yesrs was monitored by outdoor sampling. Natural soil was used as a control sample during both indoor and outdoor tests. [Results] Compared with natural soil, the freeze-resistant artificial soil had significantly improved its freeze-resistant stability and fertility(p<0.05), which was reflected in that the relative dynamic elastic modulus, >0.25 mm water stable large aggregate content, average weight diameter, aggregation degree, organic matter, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium content in frost-resistant artificial soil were significantly greater than that in the natural soil before and after freeze-thaw(p<0.05). While the mass loss rate and structural failure rate in frost-resistant artificial soil were significantly decreased. Principal component analysis showed that the relative dynamic elastic modulus, structural failure rate, pH value, and organic matter content in indoor tests were highly correlated with principal component factors. Therefore, these four indicators were selected for outdoor sampling and monitoring of vegetation restoration in the field. The monitoring results showed that the structure failure rate was lower, and the relative dynamic elastic modulus, and organic matter content of frost-resistant artificial soil were greater than for the natural soil at different time periods in four yesrs. In terms of vegetation restoration effect, the vegetation coverage, species diversity, aboveground biomass, and underground biomass for frost-resistant artificial soil were greater than for natural soil. [Conclusion] Frost-resistant artificial soil has better vegetation restoration effect when applied in alpine region, especially its freeze-resistant durability, aggregate stability and fertility are outstanding, which are better than natural soil, so it is more suitable for slope vegetation restoration application.更多还原