【摘要】 喀斯特湖泊水体蓝绿色的形成与钙华沉积过程关系密切,两者的研究对于我国西南喀斯特湖泊景观的可持续发展至关重要。首先借助CiteSpace和VOSviewer对钙华领域近二十年来的研究进行文献计量分析,结果显示该领域的发展较为稳定且有上升趋势,研究主要集中在四个方向:(1)基于稳定同位素、微量元素等方法的古气候与古环境研究;(2)钙华的生物成因及钙华生境的生物多样性研究;(3)水文、地质和生物地球化学研究;(4)钙华景观退化及保育研究。随后梳理了喀斯特湖泊水色形成机制的已有研究,讨论了水色形成和钙华的关系,重点阐述了有色可溶性有机物(Colored dissolved organic matter, CDOM)对钙华沉积和水色的影响。最后对钙华和水色形成研究领域未来方向进行了展望,认为未来应该关注于:1)利用傅里叶变换-离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICRMS)和高通量测序技术等进行CDOM来源、转化和归趋的深入研究;2)借助高光谱遥感和控制试验手段对钙华和水色进行长时期原位观测,预测旅游活动和气候变化的影响; 3)将钙华生物修复与物理修复相结合,形成普遍适用、持久有效、生态友好的综合修复技术体系。更多还原

【Abstract】 The formation of turquoise water bodies is closely related to the tufa deposition process, and the study of both is of great significance for the sustainable development of karst lakes in southwest China. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used for a bibliometric analysis of tufa research over the past two decades. The results indicate that this field is steadily developing and will likely continue to grow. There are four main research directions within tufa studies:(1) paleoclimate and paleoenvironment research based on stable isotopes and trace elements;(2) biogenesis of tufa and biodiversity of tufa habitat;(3) hydrology, geology, and biogeochemistry related to tufa formation; and(4) Tufa landscape degradation and conservation.Existing studies on the mechanism of color formation in karst lakes were reviewed. The relationship between water color formation and tufa deposition was expounded, as were the effects of colored dissolved organic matter, biological processes,and spatio-temporal changes on tufa deposition and water color. Finally, the research direction of tufa and water color formation mechanisms was proposed. Key areas of focus include:: 1) utilizing Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-ICR-MS) and high-throughput sequencing technology to study the source, transformation, and fate of CDOM; 2) conducting long-term, in-situ observation using remote sensing and control experiments to predict the effects of tourism activities and climate change on tufa formation and water color; and 3)integrating biological and physical approaches to develop a comprehensive tufa remediation technology system.更多还原