【摘要】 针对生物炭在农业生产中对温室气体排放的影响问题,论文综述了近几年有关生物炭对农田生态系统CO2、CH4和N2O三种主要温室气体排放的影响研究,发现生物炭总体上可以减少温室气体的排放,但其实际效果受生物炭种类、土壤理化性质和微生物活性与丰度等多种因素的影响。为此,本文进一步总结了生物炭影响农田系统温室气体排放的作用机理。提出了三条可能机制:(1)生物炭疏松多孔,具有吸附性,依靠自身的吸附作用吸收土壤中的温室气体;(2)生物炭能改变土壤理化性质,使土壤疏松,团聚体和固体物含量提升,抑制土壤矿化,固碳能力提升,吸附性增强;(3)生物炭能改善土壤微生物的生存环境,提高土壤微生物的丰度和活性,微生物活动增强,可以更多地固定土壤中的氮,影响温室气体的排放。通过生物炭途径可助力农业碳减排。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the impact of biochar on greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions in agricultural production, this review summarizes the effects of biochar on CO2, CH4 and N2O in farmland ecosystem in recently years. It is found that biochar can reduce GHG emissions effectively, but the result is affected by various factors such as biochar type, physical and chemical properties of soil and microbial activity and abundance. Therefore, this review reveals the mechanism of biochar affecting GHG emissions in farmland system. Three possible mechanisms are proposed:(1) Biochar is loose, porous and absorbable. It can absorb the greenhouse gas in soil by its own adsorption.(2) Biochar can change soil physical and chemical properties, make the soil loose, increase the content of aggregates and solids, inhibit soil mineralization, improve the ability of carbon sequestration and enhance the adsorption.(3) Biochar can improve the environment for soil microbes, improve the abundance and activity of soil microorganisms. Enhanced microbial activity can fix more nitrogen in the soil and affect GHG emissions. The findings summarized in this review can help reduce agricultural carbon emissions.更多还原