【摘要】 目的：分析2019—2023年汕头市澄海区中小学生脊柱侧弯与近视共患的流行现状及相关因素，为脊柱侧弯、近视的多病共防提供参考。方法：2019—2023年，采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取澄海区5所中小学校10 306名学生进行脊柱侧弯、视力检查和相关因素问卷调查，其中男生5 121名（49.7%）、女生5 185名（50.3%）；小学生6 150名（59.7%）、初中生2 715名（26.3%）、高中生1 441名（14.0%）。采用二元多因素logistic回归模型分析脊柱侧弯与近视共患的相关因素。结果：2019—2023年澄海区中小学生脊柱侧弯、近视、脊柱侧弯与近视共患总检出率分别为4.9%、60.8%和3.9%；女生脊柱侧弯与近视共患总检出率（5.4%）高于男生（2.3%），高中生（8.9%）高于初中生（7.6%）和小学生（1.0%）(P值均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，初中（OR=4.48,95% CI:2.52～7.96）、高中（OR=2.69,95% CI:1.22～5.92）；放学后写作业或读书写字时间2～<3 h (OR=1.47,95% CI:1.01～2.15)、≥3 h (OR=1.74,95% CI:1.20～2.51)和脊柱侧弯与近视共患呈正相关；每天60 min以上中高强度活动（每周<3 d）(OR=1.39,95% CI:1.08～1.79)、没有根据身高调整课桌椅高度（OR=1.72,95% CI:1.31～2.24）、颈肩疼痛（OR=1.79,95% CI:1.16～2.79）和脊椎侧弯与近视共患有关联（P值均<0.05）。结论：汕头市澄海区中小学生脊柱侧弯与近视共患情况不容乐观，减少放学后写作业或读书写字时间和每天进行60 min以上中高强度运动（每周3 d以上）可能会降低中小学生脊柱侧弯与近视共患的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the current situation and relevant factors of comorbidity of scoliosis and myopia among primary and secondary school students in Chenghai District of Shantou from 2019 to 2023, in order to provide a reference for the multi-disease co-prevention of scoliosis and myopia. Methods: From 2019 to 2023,10,306 students from five primary and secondary schools in Chenghai District were selected by stratified random cluster sampling method for scoliosis, vision examination and questionnaire survey on relevant factors, including 5,121(49.7%) boys and 5,185(50.3%) girls; 6,150(59.7%) primary school students, 2,715(26.3%) junior high school students, and 1,441(14.0%) high school students. A binary multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the relevant factors of the comorbidity of scoliosis and myopia. Results: The total detection rates of scoliosis, myopia, and scoliosis and myopia comorbidities among primary and secondary school students in Chenghai District from 2019-2023 were 4.9%, 60.8%, and 3.9%, respectively; the total detection rates of scoliosis and myopia comorbidities among female students(5.4%) were higher than those of male students(2.3%), and those of high school(8.9%) were higher than those of junior high school(7.6%) and primary school students(1.0%)(all P-values <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school(OR=4.48,95% CI:2.52-7.96) and senior high school(OR=2.69,95% CI:1.22-5.92); homework/reading/writing time after school 2-<3 h(OR=1.47,95% CI:1.01-2.15),≥3 h(OR=1.74,95% CI:1.20-2.51) were positively associated with scoliosis and myopia comorbidities; moderate to high intensity activity for more than 60 min per day(<3 d per week)(OR=1.39,95% CI:1.08-1.79), and not adjusting the height of desks and chairs for height(OR=1.72,95% CI:1.31-2.24), neck and shoulder pain(OR=1.79,95% CI:1.16-2.79) were associated with comorbidities(all P-values <0.05).Conclusion: The comorbidity of scoliosis and myopia in primary and secondary school students in Chenghai District is not optimistic, and reducing the time spent on homework or reading and writing after school and exercising at moderate to high intensity for more than 60 min per day(more than 3 d per week) may reduce the comorbidity of scoliosis and myopia in primary and secondary school students.更多还原