【摘要】 植被恢复是减少消落带水土流失、保障水库功能正常发挥的有效途径。三江并流区水能资源丰富，但生态环境敏感脆弱，在澜沧江黄登水电站库周消落带开展适生植物筛选和配置研究，可为该水电站库周消落带植被恢复提供依据，也为三江并流区消落带生态修复提供参考。本研究在三江并流区黄登水电站库尾消落带试验区种植2种藻类、14种草本和4种乔木，对它们的适生性进行为期4年的观测；结合水电站典型水文年水位变幅，提出黄登水电站库周消落带生态修复植物配置模式。结果表明：1)狐尾藻、黑藻、苦草、篦齿眼子菜在1 605～1 610 m高程范围难以存活；狗牙根在1 610～1 618 m高程范围内能存活；花叶芦竹、风车草、美人蕉、菖蒲、芦苇、狗牙根、香根草7种草本在1 618～1 620 m高程范围内长势良好，以花叶芦竹的株高、生物量、盖度最大。2)1 615～1 618 m高程内，竹柳、池杉、枫杨、中山杉的存活率依次为100%、41.67%、36.67%、16.67%,适生性依次为竹柳>池杉>枫杨>中山杉，竹柳明显优于其他3种乔木。3)黄登水电站库周消落带植物配置模式为：1 586～1 605 m高程区域，不建议种植植物；1 605～1 615 m高程建议种植狗牙根，1 615～1 618 m高程建议种植竹柳、桑树和狗牙根，1 618～1 620 m高程建议种植花叶芦竹、风车草、美人蕉、菖蒲、芦苇、狗牙根、香根草，并将景观效果好的花叶芦竹、风车草、美人蕉配置在最外侧。所选适生植物在黄登水电站库周消落带种植4年后，生长性状良好且有较好的景观效果。该配置模式可在三江并流区消落带推广应用。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Background]Vegetation restoration is an effective way to reduce soil erosion in the water-level-fluctuating zone and ensure the normal function of the reservoir. The Three Parallel Rivers area is rich in hydropower resources, but the ecological environment is sensitive and fragile. The study on the selection and configuration of suitable plants in the water-level-fluctuating zone the reservoir of Huangdeng Hydropower Station on the Lancang River can provide a basis for the vegetation restoration of the water-level-fluctuating zone of the Huangdeng Hydropower Station, and also provide a reference for the ecological restoration of thewater-level-fluctuating zone in the three parallel rivers area.[Methods] Taking 2 species of algae, 14 herbaceous species and 4 species of trees as the research objects, the experimental area was arranged in the subsidence zone of Huangdeng Hydropower Station and observed for 4 years. [Results] 1) Myriophyllum verticillatum, Hydrilla verticillata, Vallisneria natans and Stuckenia pectinata were difficult to survive in the elevation range of 1 605-1 610 m, Cynodon dactylon could survive in the elevation range of 1 610-1 618 m, and seven herbs of Arundo donax ‘Versicolor’, Cyperus involucratus, Canna indica, Acorus calamus, Phragmites australis, C. dactylon and Chrysopogon zizanioides grew well in the elevation range of 1 618-1 620 m, and the plant height, biomass and coverage of A. donax ‘Versicolor’ were the largest. 2) At the elevation of 1 615-1 618 m, the survival rates of Salix hybrid, Taxodium distichum var.imbricarium,Pterocarya stenoptera and Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan’ were 100%, 41.67%, 36.67% and 16.67%, respectively, and the adaptability was S.hybrid >T.distichum var. imbricarium>P.stenoptera>T.‘Zhongshanshan’, and S.hybrid is significantly better than the other three trees. 3) The plant configuration mode of the subsidence zone of Huangdeng Hydropower Station is as follows: 1 586-1 605 m elevation area, it is not recommended to plant plants, 1 605-1 615 m elevation is recommended to plant C.dactylon, 1 615-1 618 m elevation is recommended to plant S.hybrid, M.alba, and C.dactylon, 1 618-1 620 m elevation is recommended to plant A.donax ‘Versicolor’, C.involucratus, C.indica, A.calamus, P.australis, C.dactylon, C.zizanioides; and A.donax ‘Versicolor’, C.involucratus, and C.indica is arranged on the outermost side to improve the landscape effect of the subsidence zone.[Conclusions]The suitable plants have good growth characters and good landscape effects after 4 years of planting in the water-level-fluctuating zone around the Huangdeng Hydropower Station. The model can be applied in the water-level-fluctuating zone of the three parallel rivers area.更多还原