【摘要】 蓝细菌是一类以CO₂为碳源的光能自养微生物。近年，合成生物学技术的跨越式发展使得深度理解蓝细菌光合固碳机制、提升蓝细菌光合效率成为可能。本文首先介绍目前蓝细菌中主要的模式底盘和其遗传改造工具；随后讨论蓝细菌固碳机制和通过缩短捕光天线、重塑卡尔文-本森-巴萨姆（Calvin-BensonBassham）循环等提升光合固碳效率将CO₂转化为高价值化学品的相关研究；最后展望通过合成生物学方法对蓝细菌进行全方位改造，培育出光合固碳效率足够高，既能优化环境又具备大规模工业化生产价值的“超级”蓝细菌。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophic microorganisms that utilize CO₂ as their carbon source. Recent advancements in synthetic biology have opened avenues for comprehending cyanobacterial photosynthesis and carbon fixation mechanisms while enhancing their efficiency in these processes. We present an overview of primary model chassis and genetic modification tools, followed by discussions on cyanobacterial photosynthesis and carbon fixation mechanisms. We further examine efforts to transform cyanobacteria for CO₂ conversion into high-value chemicals, culminating in an exploration of synthetic biology’s potential to enhance cyanobacterial CO₂ utilization efficiency. Ultimately, the comprehensive transformation of cyanobacteria via synthetic biology methods holds promise for cultivating "super" cyanobacteria chassis with heightened photosynthetic and carbon fixation efficiencies, thereby optimizing environments and unlocking substantial industrial production value.更多还原