【摘要】 水资源冲突是关系到区域安全和全球可持续发展的关键科学问题。随着全球气候变化的加剧，水资源时空分布变化导致水冲突问题呈现更复杂和更不确定态势。本文基于全球近百年来1 240件水冲突事件的时空分布特征，立足资源科学、经济学、国际政治学等理论，揭示出各地区水冲突的产生有其自然生态、社会经济、历史文化、国际政治的根源，进而从资源稀缺、流域国际化与国家间水权力不对称、水合作机制缺失与失灵三个角度剖析水冲突的原因。最后，从传统的技术、经济手段向国际关系、国际谈判的视角探求目前的解决机制，提出立足各地区自然、经济、历史特征和发展诉求，通过增进区域利益共享、开展综合流域规划、加强国际条约的执行力等措施探寻适合跨境水资源冲突的协调机制和解决方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water resources conflict is a key scientific issue related to regional security and global sustainable development. With the intensification of global climate change, changes in the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources have led to more complex and uncertain water conflicts. Based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of 1240 water conflicts in the world in the past hundred years, and based on the theories of resource science, economics, international politics, etc., this paper reveals that water conflicts in various regions have their natural ecological, social economic, historical and cultural, and international political roots,and then analyzes the causes of water conflicts from three perspectives: scarcity of resources, internationalization of river basins, asymmetry of water power among countries, and lack and failure of water cooperation mechanisms. Finally, from the perspective of international relations and negotiations, the current solution mechanism is explored, and based on the natural, economic and historical characteristics and development demands of each region, the coordination mechanism and solution suitable for cross-border water resource conflicts are explored through measures such as enhancing regional interest sharing, carrying out comprehensive watershed planning, and strengthening the implementation of international treaties.更多还原