【摘要】 以氯化胆碱-乙二醇（ChCl-EG）和水混合溶液为介质，依据三因素五水平均匀设计实验方案，采用溶胶/凝胶-自蔓延法，制备了镍铁氧体（NiFe₂O₄）。X射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）分析结果表明：NiFe₂O₄中存在少量前驱体焙烧过程中未反应完全的中间产物NiO和α-Fe₂O₃;相较于传统水溶剂制备的NiFe₂O₄,以ChCl-EG部分或完全取代水溶剂提高了NiFe₂O₄的饱和磁化强度（M_s）,降低了其矫顽力（H_c）。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析结果表明，ChCl-EG完全取代水溶剂后产物的形貌更加规整，颗粒尺寸明显增大。对均匀实验结果进行回归分析，分别得到了M_s、H_c与合成主要影响因素（ChCl-EG含量、pH、柠檬酸与金属离子物质的量比）间的回归方程，根据回归方程阐明了主要影响因素对NiFe₂O₄磁性能的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the three-factor five-level uniform design scheme of experiment, with mixed solution of choline chloride-ethylene glycol（ChCl-EG）and water as the medium,,Nickel ferrite（NiFe₂O₄）was synthesized by sol-gel self-propagating method.The analysis of X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）and vibrating sample magnetometer（VSM）indicate that there are a small amount of intermediate products NiO and α-Fe₂O₃ in the prepared NiFe₂O₄.Compared with NiFe₂O₄ prepared by traditional water solvent, the saturated magnetization（M_s）of the prepared NiFe₂O₄ is increased and its coercivity（H_c）is reduced by partially or completely replacing the water solvent with ChCl-EG.The results of scanning electron microscopy（SEM）analysis shows that the morphology of the product is more regular and the particle size increases significantly after the water solvent is completely replaced by ChCl-EG.M_s,H_c, and the main factors affecting the synthesis（ChCl-EG content, pH value, and amount of substance ratio of citric acid to metal ions）are obtained by regression analysis of the uniform experimental results, and then the influence of main factors on the magnetic properties of NiFe₂O₄are illustrated through regression equations.更多还原